venous malformations are the most common form of symptomatic vascular malformations. vm s could classify into low-flow lesions (vms) and high-flow lesions (avms). for low-flow venous lesions, direct percutaneous puncture with injection of sclerosing agents (sclerotherapy) has been described as a successful therapy. in this article, we want to introduce a patient who treated with ethanol sclerot...

mothers exposed to antiepileptic drugs (aeds) are at high risk to born babies with orofacial malformations such as cleft lips. about 9 percent of congenital abnormalities in babies of mothers with epilepsy relates to orofacial abnormalities. maintaining safe antiepileptic drugs for millions of mothers with epilepsy is very important. researches show that new aeds have less side effects than the...

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We introduced a patient with fetal EBV-triggered who finally developed multidrug-resistant septicemia, perianal abscess, massive alimentary tract bleeding due to gastrointestinal vascular malformation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. His EB virus maintained chronically active under multiple drug treatments. Interestingly, continuous infection probable idiopathic malformation might be t...

background: uterine arteriovenous malformation is a rare but potential life-threatening source of bleeding. a high index of suspicion and accurate diagnosis of the condition in a timely manor are essential because instrumentation that is often used for other sources of uterine bleeding can be lead to massive hemorrhage. case: we describe here a case of uterine arteriovenous malformation. a 32-y...

sulfur mustard (sm) has been used as a chemical warfare agent, in the world war i and more recently during iraq-iran war in early 1980s’. its biological poisoning effect could be local or systemic and its effect depends on environmental conditions, exposed organs, and the extent and duration of exposure. it is considered as a strong alkylating agent with known mutagenic, carcinogenic effects; a...

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare developmental malformation that presents as neonatal respiratory distress and can be successfully managed with prompt intervention. Hyperinflation of the affected lobe mediastinal shift characteristic radiological finding. However, etiology mostly remains unknown. Here, we report case CLE microscopically revealed bronchial cartilaginous hypoplasia an u...

Dural sinus malformation is an extremely rare congenital cerebrovascular malformation. We report serial antenatal sonographic findings in two patients with dural sinus malformation. Sonography can reveal dural sinus malformation at 24 weeks' gestation. Correct and early diagnosis may help determine the appropriate place, timing, and mode of delivery, which may result in a better therapeutic cou...

valproic acid is one of the main antiepileptic drugs. there is an increased risk of neural tube defects and axial skeletal malformations among infants born to women who had received valproic acid. there is a hypothesis that one biochemical abnormality underlying the teratogenicity of valproic acid is a drug-induced reduction in maternal plasma zinc .in the present experimental study mated rats ...