Chemical fixation of CO2 has received much attention because CO2 is the most inexpensive and renewable carbon resource from the viewpoint of green chemistry and atom economy. The kinetic and thermodynamic stability of CO2 molecule presents significant challenges in designing efficient chemical transformations based on this potential feedstock. Currently, cyclic carbonates and polycarbonates are...

With rising level of CO2 in the atmosphere plants are expected to be exposed to higher concentration of CO2. Since, CO2 is a substrate limiting photosynthesis particularly in C3 plants in the present atmosphere, the impact of elevated CO2 would depend mainly on how photosynthesis acclimates or adjusts to the long term elevated level of CO2. Photosynthetic acclimation is a change in photosynthet...

CO2 is the main greenhouse gas which causes global climatic changes on larger scale. Many techniques have been utilised to capture CO2. Membrane gas separation is a fast growing CO2 capture technique, particularly gas separation by composite membranes. The separation of CO2 by a membrane is not just a process to physically sieve out of CO2 through the controlled membrane pore size. It mainly de...

New energy technologies are needed to limit CO2 emissions and the detrimental effects of global warming. In this article we describe a process which produces a low-carbon gaseous fuel from coal. Synthesis gas from a coal gasifier is shifted to a gas mixture consisting mainly of H2 and CO2. The CO2 is isolated by a physical absorption process, compressed, and transported by pipeline to a deplete...

As the main anthropogenic greenhouse gas that contributes most to global warming, CO2 plays an important role in climate changes in Central Asia. Due to the lack of studies of near-surface CO2 in this region, we first confirmed the applicability of the near-surface Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) CO2 data in Central Asia using atmospheric CO2 concentration data from nine ground-bas...

As a major CO2 sink, the North Atlantic, especially its subpolar gyre region, is essential for the global carbon cycle. Decadal fluctuations of CO2 uptake in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre region are associated with the evolution of the North Atlantic Oscillation, the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, ocean mixing and sea surface temperature anomalies. While variations in the physi...

Upon ratification, the recent climate treaty negotiated in Kyoto, Japan, would require the United States and other developed nations to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases below 1990 levels by the year 2010. Because most anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions (particularly CO2) come from the use of fossil energy, this agreement has the potential to affect the entire fabric of society. He...

The objective of this study was to determine whether the plasma norepinephrine (NE) increase in rats exposed to CO2 asphyxia was due to adrenal gland release or sympathetic nerve ending (SNS) release. Plasma NE was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in hypertensive and normotensive rats using the following protocol: control session, CO2 exposure, N2 exposure, reserpine + CO2, an...

A hybrid for the visible-light-driven photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using methanol as a reducing agent was developed by combining two different types of photocatalysts: a Ru(II) dinuclear complex (RuBLRu') used for CO2 reduction is adsorbed onto Ag-loaded TaON (Ag/TaON) for methanol oxidation. Isotope experiments clearly showed that this hybrid photocatalyst mainly produced HCOOH (TN = 41 for...