Per definition, magnetic NDT can be applied at ferromagnetic material only. However, most of the materials we use today still are iron-based steels with bcc lattice and therefore magnetic. The magnetic properties of these materials can be utilized in NDT for defect detection and sizing as well as for materials characterization in terms of mechanical properties determination, also in on-line pro...

Electrical steels are important alloys widely used in electrical instruments. The magnetic properties and low core loss of grain oriented silicon steels are closely related to the sharpness of Goss texture ({110} ).The direction of is the softest direction for magnetism.  In this work, the microstructure and dependence of orientation density along the major texture fibers on the applied cold ro...

In this study, the effects of various heat treatments on microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of HSLA-100 steel were evaluated. The heat treatments consisted of austenitizing at 900°C for 60 minutes, then quenching by different cooling rates via furnace, air, oil and water; and quenched specimens were aged at 600°C for one hour. Optical and field emission scanning electron m...

Starting in 1976, the 3MA-methodology (Micromagnetic, Multiparameter, Microstructure and Stress Analysis) was developed. 3MA has its basis in micromagnetic NDT techniques which are the measurement of magnetic Barkhausen noise, of the magnetic incremental permeability, of the eddy current impedance, the harmonic analysis of the magnetic tangential field strength, and the measurement of the dynam...

Generic materials-related problems foreseen in connection with the operation of a fusion power plant present a major challenge for the development of magnetically confined fusion as a commercial power generation option. In this review, we focus on the predictive capabilities of first-principles-based atomistic models for radiation defects and phase stability of bodycentred cubic Fe-Cr-based fer...

Several austenitic stainless steels suitable for high temperature applications because of their high corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties were investigated as biomaterials for dental use. The steels were evaluated by electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization curves, cyclic polarization curves, measurements of open circuit potential, and linear polarizat...

Hexagonal close-packed (hcp) iron carbides play an important role in steel processing and in steel products. The recent discovery of novel ultrafine (2-5 nm) iron carbide (ε'-Fe2+xC) precipitates in TRIP steel sheds a new light on the hcp family of carbides. Here we present a first-principles study on the relative stability, and the electronic, magnetic properties of the ε'-Fe2C phases. Differe...