this study investigated the status of mechanized power and self-propelled rice cultivation machinery in guilan province in northern iran. the raw data was obtained from 2013 statistics of the agricultural jihad organization of guilan province. power per unit of area, mechanization level, area per unit of self-propelled machinery, and mechanization requirement were calculated for eastern, wester...

Recent work in Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993, McCarthy and Prince 1993, to appear) has suggested that phonological regularities can be explained without reference to phonological rules, strictly in terms of constraints on representational wellformedness. A unique aspect of Optimality Theory (OT) is that candidates are evaluated in parallel: there is no serial derivation. Given th...

The Swedish 2008 Government’s Action Plan on eGovernment offers old wine (focussed on technology rather than on services; production-centred rather than needs-based) in old bottles (closed political systems rather than open infrastructure; no measurements and, consequently, no incentives for government agencies to change). This paper analyzes the Plan based on an Enterprise Architecture integra...

Compared to opencut mining, underground coal mining is more common in Australia due to its lesser impact on the environment. Although there are several underground mining methods, such as the longwall, pillar, bord, and miniwall, longwall mining is the most commonly used method due to its high efficiency. However, longwall mining does lead to significant ground subsidence. Mining subsidence is ...

Land leveling is one of the most important steps in soil preparation and cultivation. Although land leveling with machines requires considerable amount of energy, it delivers a suitable surface slope with minimal soil deterioration as well as damage to plants and other organisms in the soil. Notwithstanding, in recent years researchers have tried to reduce fossil fuel consumption and its delete...

Recent work in Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993, McCarthy and Prince 1993, to appear) has suggested that phonological regularities can be explained without reference to phonological rules, strictly in terms of constraints on representational wellformedness. A unique aspect of Optimality Theory (OT) is that candidates are evaluated in parallel: there is no serial derivation. Given th...

Ausgehend von Thomas Nagels Aufsatz " What is it like to be a bat? " und Alan Turings Aufsatz " Computing machinery and intelligence " wird argumentiert, das eine erfolgreiche Interaktion von Menschen und autonomen artifiziellen Agenten vor allem darauf beruht, welche Eigenschaften Menschen jenen Agenten zuschreiben und nicht so sehr, ob diese Agenten jene Eigenschaften wirklich besitzen. Diese...

Alan Turing begins his 1950 Mind article, “Computing Machinery and Intelligence,” with the following straightforward pronouncement: “I propose to consider the question ‘Can machines think?’ ” He quickly (too quickly?) argues for “replacing” the original question with another “which is closely related to it and is expressed in relatively unambiguous words.” (Please note the vagueness of the clai...

This paper outlines the iterative stages involved in designing and developing a blended course of English for General Academic Purposes (EGAP) at Osaka University. First, the basic Successive Approximation Model (SAM 1) is introduced as the guiding instructional design model upon which the course was created. Afterward, the stages of design and development of the blended course are explained wi...