curve flexibility in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais) was one of the major concerns of spinal surgeons since the evolution of surgical correction techniques. in this respect, many tried to identify which criteria denote more rigid curve. in the present study, we aimed toward determining important factors influencing ais curve flexibility on supine bending films. we assessed radiographs of ...

We introduce a new distance measure for directed curves in R, called the direction-based Fréchet distance. Like the standard Fréchet distance, this measure optimizes over all parameterizations for a pair of curves. Unlike the Fréchet distance, it is based on differences between the directions of movement along the curves, rather than on positional differences. Hence, the direction-based Fréchet...

In this study, direction curves of spherical indicatrix (primarily tangent indicatrix) for a curve in three dimensional Euclidean space were investigated. Mentioned was given with new alternative frame which is {N,C,W} frame. It aspect that researching relations between and the main via The harmonic curvatures geodesic image principal normal obtained. general helix, slant helix C-slant characte...

background: understanding of the incident electron energy and angular distributions from clinical electron accelerators (linacs) is important for dosimetry and treatment planning. the most important goals of this study were to evaluate the energy fluence and angular distributions of electron beams from a neptun 10pc linac using the monte carlo (mc) code. materials and methods: the linac electro...

We present a quantitative approach to the representation, classification, and generation of families of 3D (three-dimensional) particular discrete closed curves. Any 3D continuous curve can be digitalized and represented as a 3D discrete curve. Thus, a 3D discrete curve is composed of constant orthogonal straight-line segments. In order to represent 3D discrete curves, we use the orthogonal dir...