We investigated the developmental toxicity in mice of a common commercial formulation of herbicide containing a mixture of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), mecoprop, dicamba, and inactive ingredients. Pregnant mice were exposed to one of four different doses of the herbicide mixture diluted in their drinking water, either during preimplantation and organogenesis or only during organogene...

Herbicide rate cutting is an example of poor use of agrochemicals that can have potential adverse implications due to rapid herbicide resistance evolution. Recent laboratory-level studies have revealed that herbicides at lower-than-recommended rates can result in rapid herbicide resistance evolution in rigid ryegrass populations. However, crop-field-level studies have until now been lacking. In...

in order to study the effects of herbicide rates of metribuzin on nodulations and growth characteristics of chickpea, a series of experiments were carried out at research greenhouses of ferdowsi university of mashhad during 2009 in a randomized complete block design with four replications. studied factors were: different doses of metribuzin herbicide (10- 25- 50- 75- 100- 125 percent of recomme...

In order to create a novel mechanism for herbicide resistance in plants, we expressed a single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) in tobacco with specific affinity to the auxinic herbicide picloram. Transgenic tobacco plants and seedlings expressing this scFv against picloram were protected from its effect in a dose-dependent manner. This is the first successful use of an antibody to confer in vivo...

use of efficient methods of weed control with as regards environmental sustainability as well as increased crop yield and also weed resistance to herbicides is essential. in order to, an experiment was conducted in 2012 in the damavand jaban in iran. experiment treatments were compared in a split plot design by a randomized completely block design with 3 replication. the used variety of maize w...

abstract introduction:  this study was performed to compare the effects of low-dose interferon beta-1(cinnovex,30 mcg) and high-dose interferon beta-1(rebif,44 mcg) on the reduction of the number and size of plaques in magnetic resonance imaging (mri) in patients with multiple sclerosis (ms). methods and materials: this historical cohort study, which was performed in 2014 in sanandaj (western p...

Paraquat is a bipyridilium herbicide, is a bright green corrosive liquid with pungent smell that needs to be diluted before agricultural use. Globally it is the second highest-selling weed killer used and is available in a 20% solution form.[1] Its herbicidal properties were discovered in 1950s and first marketed in 1962. Most cases of intoxication especially in third-world countries are due to...

to evaluate the effect of reduced doses of foramsulfuron and nitrogen rates on weed biomass in corn field, an experiment was conducted using split plots arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications at research field of ferdowsi university of mashhad, in 2011. main plots were weed control levels comprising three reduced herbicide doses of foramsulfuron (50, 75, a...