The word error rate (WER), commonly used in ASR assessment, measures the cost of restoring the output word sequence to the original input sequence. However, for most CSR applications apart from dictation machines a more meaningful performance measure would be given by the proportion of information communicated. In this article we introduce two new absolute CSR performance measures: MER (match e...

The impact of knowledge loss on an organization is a largely unexplored area of strategic management. This article reports the fi ndings from an in-depth case study of an organization within the Australian Department of Defence, which suggest that lost human capital may produce decreased organizational output and productivity; lost social capital may reduce organizational memory; lost structura...

With the advent of hypertext it has become widely accepted that the departure from the so-called " linear " structure of paper increases the likelihood of readers or users becoming lost. In this paper we will discuss this aspect of hypertext in terms of its validity, the lessons to be learned from the psychology of navigation and the applicability of the navigation metaphor to the hypertext dom...

We report 60 and 90 µm observations of 7 millisecond pulsars with ISO. The pulsar PSR B1257+12 is orbited by three planets, and other millisecond pulsars may be orbited by dust disks that represent planets that failed to form or their residue. We do not detect any infrared emission from the 7 pulsars in our sample, and typical upper limits are 100 mJy. Using a simple model, we constrain the typ...

This study was carried out among urban, rural and refugee camp populations in three localities (Rimal, Jabalia Village, Jabalia Refugee Camp), in Gaza Governorates – Palestine. School children between 6 and 11 years old were examined. The prevalence of intestinal parasites among 309 school children was higher in the rural area (53.3%) and the Refugee Camp (48.0%) than in urban areas (33.0%). Ma...

OBJECTIVE To describe the behavior of mortality in Mexico through four indicators from 1990 to 2012. MATERIAL AND METHODS The official mortality and population records of Mexico were used. RESULTS An advance was achieved for children under five years of age, with a decrease in mortality, although there was an increase in the years of potential life lost (YPLL) from 2008 for this age group. ...

Pulsar spindown forms a reliable yet enigmatic prototype for the energy loss processes in many astrophysical objects including accretion disks and back holes. In this paper we review the physics of pulsar magnetospheres, concentrating on recent developmen ts in force-free modeling of the magnetospheric structure. In particular, we discuss a new method for solving the equations of time-dependent...

The enhancement of efficiency is world-wide trend to survive under intense competition. In recent years, the efficiency in the power industry is also one of the important topics. In case of nuclear power plants(NPPs), the period and quality of maintenance is an especially important factor to increase efficiency as well as availability. Therefore, the accurate identification of the root causes f...

We propose a new measure of allocative efficiency based on unrealized increases in aggregate productivity growth. We show that the difference in the value of the marginal product of an input and its marginal cost at any plant the plant-input “gap” is exactly equal to the change in aggregate output that would occur if that plant changed that input’s use by one unit. The mean absolute gap across ...