introduction: the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (lpv/r) has decreased morbidity and mortality due to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv); however its use could be impaired by hepatotoxicity. therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effects of melatonin (mt) and alpha lipoic acid (ala) on lpv/r-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. methods: rats were divided into groups and treate...

previous studies demonstrated that cse induces oxidative stress and its consequences on isolated mitochondria obtained from lung, heart and brain which may provide insight into the role of cse in human health and disease. the present study was carried out to further characterize and compare toxic effect of cse extract on isolated mitochondria obtained from either a directly contacting tissue (i...

Background: Fish have been at high risk of atrazine toxicity. Comparative atrazine toxicity on the tissues of Clarias gariepinus is scanty. Therefore, acute and chronic effects of atrazine on some biochemical parameters in Clarias gariepinus were investigated in this study. Methods: Atrazine toxicity was determined by assessing the responses of glucose, protein, alanine aminotransferase (ALT...

the isolated perfused rat liver (iprl) model has been used into toxicology study of rat liver. this model provides an opportunity at evaluation of liver function in an isolated setting. studies showed that cd, in a dose-dependent manner, induced toxic effects in iprl models, and these effects were associated with aminotransferase activity and lipid peroxidation. the aim of this study was to inv...

background: several herbal remedies are used in traditional medicine for treatment of liver disorders, but their efficacy, safety, and dosage have not been investigated so far. objective: the present study was aimed to evaluate the liver protective effects of medicinal herbs extracts such as cynara scolymus leave (artichok), cichorium intybus roots (chichory), taraxacum officinale root (dandeli...

background: cynara scolymus and cichorium intybus are popular herbal remedy in folk medicine for liver disorders. although many experimental studies carried out, scientifically reliable data needed to verify minimum effective dosage and efficacy of these medicinal plants. objective: in present investigation, the effects of c. scolymus leaf and c. intybus root extracts at different doses were te...

background: fish have been at high risk of atrazine toxicity. comparative atrazine toxicity on the tissues of clarias gariepinus is scanty. therefore, acute and chronic effects of atrazine on some biochemical parameters in clarias gariepinus were investigated in this study. methods: atrazine toxicity was determined by assessing the responses of glucose, protein, alanine aminotransferase (alt), ...

objective(s):  protective effects of different extracts and essential oil from pimpinella anisum           l. seeds were examined against carbon tetrachloride (ccl4)-induced toxicity. the parameters such as serum transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase activity, hepatic glutathione content, liver lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes of liver were assessed as toxicity markers. in the in...

Objectives: The natural origin of medicinal plants does not guaranteed their safety, as there are no sufficient studies on the safety, efficacy and toxicity to support their beneficial claims. Hence, this study aimed at investigating the oral acute toxicity of Adansonia digitata L. fruit shell extract on mice. Methods: Maceration method was employed for the extraction of Adansonia digitata fru...