Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is common and nearly all classes of medications can cause liver disease. Most cases of DILI are benign, and improve after drug withdrawal. It is important to recognize and remove the offending agent as quickly as possible to prevent the progression to chronic liver disease and/or acute liver failure. There are no definite risk factors for DILI, but pre-existing ...

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains the most common cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in the western world. Excluding paracetamol overdose, nearly all DILI encountered in the clinical setting is idiosyncratic in nature because affected individuals represent only a small proportion of those treated with such drugs. In many cases, the mechanism for idiosyncrasy is immune-mediation and is of...

1Office of Computational Science, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA 2Center of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany 3Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA 4Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research,...

BACKGROUND The liver is the most commonly involved internal organ in drug-induced systemic hypersensitivity. However, data obtained from these patients have yet to be analyzed in depth with respect to liver injury. METHODS The medical records of 136 patients who developed delayed-type drug hypersensitivity were reviewed at a tertiary referral hospital. Culprit drugs, the pattern and degree of...

Drug induced liver disease is one of the most important causes of drug withdrawals post marketing. The liver is an engine that creates and stores energy, metabolises and detoxifies chemicals through various pathways, each of which can be a target of liver injury. Corroboration with animal studies is not optimal; pre registration studies do not have sufficient numbers to identify injury causing ...

Herbal and dietary supplement (HDS) use has grown exponentially in the United States. Unfortunately, incidence of HDS-related liver injury proportionally increased. Despite potential for certain HDSs to cause clinically significant injury, they are not regulated by Food Drug Administration. Recent efforts have been made regulate but far removed from scrutiny prescription medications. Scant lite...