background: evidence shows that in iran alcohol abuse rate may be of concern, especially among the youth. the mental and social health and addiction department of the ministry of health and medical education has designed a plan to prevent, treat, and rehabilitate the patients abusing alcohol in a time period of 2011‑2015. methods: in a 6‑month period, three guiding committees of experts in the ...

Behavioral norms consist of two components: a cognitive component of obligation that is thememory repository of social standards, and an emotional component of sanctions that are the feelings and physiological states that result when actual behavior is consistent or not consistent with the obligation. This article analyzes the cognitive and emotional components of norms identiŽ ed in three stud...

Proper habits formed since childhood represent the ideal head start to help keep environment clean, although this is not a standalone vital factor for person dislike littering behavior. The data used in study were derived from compilation of primary data. This paper concerns behavior children and presents survey conducted with 2349 individuals who completed relevant items demographic informatio...

background sexually transmitted infections (stis) have a major negative impact on sexual and reproductive health globally. the most effective way to avoid stis is to abstain from sexual contact or having sex only in a long-term, mutually monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner. objectives this study aimed to determine behavioral prevention regarding stis. patients and methods this an...

Displaying images of eyes causes people to behave more pro-socially in a variety of contexts. However, it is unclear whether eyes work by making people universally more pro-social, or by making them more likely to conform to local norms. If the latter, images of eyes could sometimes make people less pro-social if pro-social behaviour is not the local norm. To separate these hypotheses we conduc...

Consumer behavior can significantly influence the environmental impact of products. Takeaway food and beverage packaging be assumed to an example this effect, as consumers directly affect its disposal or, in case reusable packaging, reuse rate. While possible impacts takeaway are comprehensively discussed available Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies, consumer is not extensively considered. Thu...

The detrimental impact of visitor-induced litter pollution on ecosystems, wildlife, and overall quality life emphasizes the urgency mitigating it. This study uniquely focuses diverse visitors’ perceptions littering behavior in open spaces, facilitating comprehensive assessment targeted mitigation strategies. aimed to analyze attitudes, willingness act, responsibility perceptions, considering de...

background: drug abuse is now‑a‑days one of the gravest social harms. recent years have experienced a drastic rise in drug abuse among school and university students. thus, the need for special attention to the issue is deemed important. the present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the impact of life skills training on promotion of drug abuse preventive behaviors. methods: this fie...