This paper discusses issues on the estimation of consumer demand equations subject to binding non-negative constraints. We propose computationally feasible specifications and a simulated maximum likelihood (SML) method for demand systems. Our study shows that the econometric implementation of the SML estimates can avoid high-dimensional integration problems. As contrary to the simulation method...

This paper proposes a maximum simulated likelihood estimator (MSLE) for demand systems with many binding non-negative constraints. Our study shows that the econo-metric implementation of the MSLE avoids high-dimensional integration. We have demonstrated the feasibility of the maximum simulated likelihood (MSL) approach for the linear expenditure system (LES) with non-negativity constraints. The...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa introduction: the performance evaluation of healthcare system in macro-level is important. this paper evaluates performance of health service of asian countries in 2006. methods: in the first step, the initial data for performance evaluation has been collected from the site world health organization (who) and are weighted by analytical hierarchy pro...

We investigated the antiobesity and hypoglycemic properties of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc (PMA; Japanese apricot) and Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc (LES; gromwell) extracts in ovariectomized (OVX) rats that impaired energy and glucose homeostasis. OVX rats consumed either 5% dextrose, 5% PMA extract, 5% LES extract, or 2.5% PMA+2.5% LES extract in the high fat diet. After 8 weeks of t...

چکیده در این مطالعه، تقاضای گروه های اصلی خوراکی در مناطق شهری ایران برای دوره زمانی1361 تا 1386 بررسی شده است. بدین منظور از سیستم تقاضای تقریباً ایده آل خطی (la/aids)، شاخص تقریب خطی لاسپیرس و روش رگرسیون های به ظاهر نامرتبط (sur) استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که متغیر متوسط جمعیت خانوار در بیشتر معادلات تأثیر معناداری بر تقاضای خانوار داشته است. قیود همگنی و تقارن نیز مورد آزمون قرار...

Engel curves are often estimated within a linear, or at least approximately linear system of equations. However, Engel curves are required to lie on or within the unit interval, while summing to unity. These restrictions are not easily accommodated within a linear system. Therefore, we apply the fractional multinomial logit model in our estimation of expenditure shares, because it more readily ...

This article presents a Kaleckian model enriched by introducing autonomous public expenditure which grows at an exogenous rate. It shows that the usual properties are not affected in the short run: growth is wage-led. But long run properties are strongly affected: public expenditure plays a role as an automatic stabilizer so that the accumulation rate converges on the growth rate of public expe...

objective: to identify the relationship between socioeconomic status, health system development and the incidence, prevalence and mortality of  tuberculosis in asia and the pacific. methods: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates of  tuberculosis and 20 variables of  socioeconomic, health system and biological behavioral issues were included in the study involving all 46 countries of  the as...