In adult vertebrates, glucocorticoids are thought to trigger transitions between life history stages within breeding cycles. This review explores possible roles of glucocorticoids as mediators for vertebrate ontogenetic transitions. Overall, glucocorticoids prepare organisms and trigger transitions into the subsequent life history stage. Across taxa, ability to secrete glucocorticoids appears t...

The development of the integumentary system is a series of events that starts in utero and continues throughout life. Although at birth, skin in full-term infants is anatomically mature, functional maturity develops during the first year of life. Pediatric skin transitions again with the onset of puberty. At each stage, there are changes in transepidermal water loss, skin hydration, and skin ac...

Among the most important events in the development of an individual animal are the commitments to major life-history transitions (e.g., metamorphosis, sex determination, reproduction). In many cases, these commitments are accompanied by a switch from plastic (5environmentally sensitive) to canalized (5environmentally insensitive) development (West-Eberhard, 2003) for a given trait (e.g., the ne...

The object is economic clusters' life cycle (ECLC). The aim is to model its regulations algorithm. The hypothesis: ECLC transitions are stochastic processes independent of past. The method is Markov processes with discrete time. The algorithm is implemented in programming language Eсlipse. The results are: 1) mathematical model of ECLC with life-cycle stages, stochastic transitions, transition ...

Among the most important events in the development of an individual animal are the commitments to major life-history transitions (e.g., metamorphosis, sex determination, reproduction). In many cases, these commitments are accompanied by a switch from plastic (5environmentally sensitive) to canalized (5environmentally insensitive) development (West-Eberhard, 2003) for a given trait (e.g., the ne...

The Campanulariidae is a group of leptomedusan hydroids (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) that exhibit a diverse array of life cycles ranging from species with a free medusa stage to those with a reduced or absent medusa stage. Perhaps the best-known member of the taxon is Obelia which is often used as a textbook model of hydrozoan life history. However, Obelia medusae have several unique features leading t...

Life skills e transizioni umane