Large samples of tissue and biopsy specimen were taken from a single human liver, homogenized or paraffin-embedded, then analyzed by PIXE. Homogenates, including those of biopsies, proved to be suitable for PIXE-analysis of P, S, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Mo, Cd and, to a limited extent, Pb. Paraffin-embedding leads to a distinct elution of K, Rb, Cl and to a lesser elution of P, Zn, Se, Br a...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: LIBS Double pulse LIBS Plasma diagnostics LPP Dual-pulse (DP) laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) provides significant improvement in signal intensity as compared to conventional single-pulse LIBS. We investigated collinear DPLIBS experimental performance using various laser wavelength combinations employing 1064 nm, 532 nm, and 266 nm Nd:YAG lasers. In p...

Water quality monitoring is a critical part of environmental management and protection, and to be able to qualitatively and quantitatively determine contamination and impurity levels in water is especially important. Compared to the currently available water quality monitoring methods and techniques, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has several advantages, including no need for sampl...

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been popular in elemental analysis for various kinds of samples due to its rapid and in-situ measurement using simple equipment. However, quantitative analysis by LIBS is still inferior to conventional element analysis methods in sensitivity and accuracy. In this paper improvement in LIBS is attempted applying computational processing to low-resol...

The Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS) and Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) techniques can be used to obtain complementary information about the characteristics of a sample but, traditionally, a gap has separated the available computer codes for analyzing data from each technique, being hard to simultaneously analyze data from the same sample. The recent development of a free an...

Si-based anodes in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have exceptionally high theoretical capacity, but the use of a Si-based anode in LIBs is problematic because the charging-discharging process can fracture the Si particles. Alginate and its derivatives show promise as Si particle binders in the anode. We show that calcium-mediated "egg-box" electrostatic cross-linking of alginate improves toughnes...

This paper reports the LIBS studies on elemental composition detection and identification by employing a femtosecond (fs) fiber laser. High quality LIBS spectra were obtained in air using near-infrared fs fiber laser coupled with a broadband high sensitivity spectrometer without gating control. Specific ion and neutral emission lines of different materials have been characterized by line scanni...

Dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) provides improved sensitivity compared to conventional single-pulse LIBS. We used a combination of Nd: yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) and CO2 lasers to improve the sensitivity of LIBS. Significant emission intensity enhancement is noticed for both excited neutral lines and ionic lines for dual-pulse LIBS compared to single-pulse LIBS. Howeve...

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has become a powerful tool for the direct analysis of a large variety of materials in order to provide qualitative and/or quantitative information. However, there is a lack of information for LIBS analysis of agricultural products. In this work a LIBS system has been designed for the discrimination of Ca, Cu, Fe, and Na elements in Gannan Navel orange...

Human and murine cerebral malaria are associated with elevated levels of cytokines in the brain and adherence of platelets to the microvasculature. Here we demonstrated that the accumulation of platelets in the brain microvasculature can be detected with MRI, using what we believe to be a novel contrast agent, at a time when the pathology is undetectable by conventional MRI. Ligand-induced bind...