نتایج جستجو برای: lexical complexity
تعداد نتایج: 348236 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Researchers have extensively compared different L2 learning contexts, such as EFL versus study-abroad, for their impacts on oral production; however, scant attention, if any, has been paid to comparing EFL settings in terms of input factors such as textbooks, amount of contacts in L2, and teachers. Accordingly, the effects of these factors on the oral production skills were investigated in this...
The present study investigated the effect of different types of text simplification (i.e., reducing the lexical and syntactic complexity of texts) on reading comprehension of English as a Foreign Language learners (EFL). Sixty female intermediate EFL learners from three intact classes in Tabarestan Language Institute in Tehran participated in the study. The intact classes were assigned to three...
This study investigated the effect of language complexity and group size on knowledge construction in two online debates. Knowledge construction was assessed using Gunawardena et al.’s Interaction Analysis Model (1997). Language complexity was determined by dividing the number of unique words by total words. It refers to the lexical variation. The results showed that...
The present meta-analysis was conducted to provide a quantitative measure of the overall effects of task complexity on Chinese EFL learners’ language production. Based on the strict inclusion criteria, 12 primary studies were synthesized according to key features. Eleven of them were meta-analyzed to investigate effects of raising the resource-directing task comple...
Researchers have extensively studied phenomena that affect a second language learner’s oral production while there is scant evidence about input-related factors. Accordingly, the present study sought to investigate how variation in oral production is caused by the input they receive from different course materials. To this end, the study included a micro-evaluation study of three course materia...
This study investigated students’ oral performance ability accounting for various oral analytical factors including fluency, lexical and structural complexity and accuracy with each subcategory. Accordingly, 20 raters scored the oral performances produced by 200 students and a quantitative design using a MANOVA test was used to investigate students’ score differences of various levels of langua...
the present meta-analysis was conducted to provide a quantitative measure of the overall effects of task complexity on chinese efl learnersâ language production. based on the strict inclusion criteria, 12 primary studies were synthesized according to key features. eleven of them were meta-analyzed to investigate effects of raising the resource-directing task complexity. results revealed that ...
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