conclusions getting a complete knowledge of the condition and evaluating different treatment modalities to treat thoracic insufficiency syndrome. results a direct enlargement of the thorax that will thus provide sufficient space for lung growth; the correction of both the three-dimensional thoracic deformity and the progressive scoliosis. recent findings have revealed that veptr instrumentation...

Jarcho-Levin syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by respiratory insufficiency and multiple spine and rib abnormalities. It was first described by Jarcho and Levin in 1938. Spondylocostal dysostosis (SCD) and spondylothoracic dysostosis (STD) are the subtypes of Jarcho-Levin Syndrome, which show a hereditary picture. Autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and sporadic cases have ...

This work aims at reviewing the present state of the art when it comes to understanding the pathophysiology of narcolepsy and the Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) from a neuroimaging point of view. This work also aims at discussing future perspectives of functional neuroimaging in these sleep disorders. We focus on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which is a technique for in vivo measur...

Jarcho Levin syndrome is a rare disorder. There are various vertebral and costal anomalies. Severe deformities and abnormal fusion of ribs and vertebrae cause respiratory insufficiency and pneumonia. We present anaesthesia in a patient with Jarcho Levin syndrome for vesicoureteral reflux.

Kleine-Levin syndrome is a recurrent hypersomnia associated with symptoms of hyperphagia, hypersexuality, and cognitive impairment. This article reviews the current available research and describes common clinical symptoms, differential diagnosis, and acceptable workup and treatment. Although deficits have traditionally been thought to resolve between episodes, functional imaging studies and lo...