in order to investigate the effects of piriformospora indica and trichoderma tomentosum fungi on basil (ocimum basilicum l.) growth under copper nitrate levels, a pot experiment in factorial arrangement with three replicates was done during 2012. treatments were four levels of copper nitrate (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg kg-1 of soil) and four levels of fungal coexistence (non-inoculation control, in...

Current evidence indicates that fungi in streams are essentially restricted to coarse particulate organic matter such as decomposing leaf litter and wood. As the size of organic particles decreases, the proportion of fungal biomass also decreases. In come particulate organic matter, fungal biomass can be substantial, in some streams exceeding 15% of the total detrital m a s in relatively labile...

Fungal spores are continuously deposited on the leaf surfaces by wind impaction, sedimentation and rain wash-out from the atmosphere and splash-dispersal. They reside and act as asymptomatic mutualists, benign commensals or latent pathogens. A slight imbalance in this relation can lead to pathogenic phase of the fungi, resulting in a variety of symptoms on leaves viz. discoloration, blight, soo...

Silicon is the second most abundant element after oxygen in the earth's crust, and most soils contain considerable quantities of the element (Savant et al, 1997). However, some soils contain litde plant-available silicon in their native state, and repeated cropping can reduce the levels of plant-available silicon to the point that supplemental silicon fertilization is required for maximum produ...

Cercosporoid fungi (formerly Cercospora s. lat.) represent one of the largest groups of hyphomycetes belonging to the Mycosphaerellaceae (Ascomycota). They include asexual morphs, asexual holomorphs, or species with mycosphaerella-like sexual morphs. Most of them are leaf-spotting plant pathogens with special phytopathological relevance. In the first part of a new monographic work, cercosporoid...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of Aegle marmelos leaf extracts and fractions on the clinical isolates of dermatophytic fungi like Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum. METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of various extracts and frac...

for study the effect of arbuscularmycorrhiza fungi a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out in the summer of 1389 at the agricultural research station in city of zahak. the experiment included two factors; the first factor was inoculated glomus mossea mycorrhiza and no-inoculated one. the second factor was in four varieties of corn: s.c...

Typically, studies on indoor fungal growth in buildings focus on structures with known or suspected water damage, moisture, and/or indoor fungal growth problems. Reference information on types of culturable fungi and total fungal levels are generally not available for buildings without these problems. This study assessed 50 detached single-family homes in metropolitan Atlanta, Ga., to establish...

The present study was performed to evaluate antifungal activities of leaf essential oils from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. originating from Thailand against 9 fungal strains. The leaf samples were collected from 3 different clones. The fungi examined in this study were (1) household molds: Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Chaetomium globosum and Penicillium citrinum, (2) wood...

The objective of this work was to develop and to evaluate adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems as methodology to describe the severity of soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) monocyclic process in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], under effects of leaf wetness, temperature, and days after fungi inoculation. The experiment was conducted in growth chambers with mean air temperatures of 15, 20, ...