Lumbar disc disease (LDD) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, caused by degeneration of intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine and is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders affliction in adult. There is growing evidence that LDD has strong genetic determinants. We analyze whether the IL4 and IL6 gene polymorphism is related to LDD in Chinese Han population. The participants were 4...

Effects of a lightly-doped-drain (LDD) implantation condition on the device characteristics of poly-Si TFT have been studied. For a LDD implantation dose of 2–4 × 1013 cm−2, no significantly large difference in on-state current and off-state leakage is found. For a LDD implantation energy of 50–100 keV, however, the higher LDD implantation energy results in smaller off-state leakage and more re...

OBJECTIVE Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is an important cause of low back pain, which is a common and costly problem. LDD is characterised by disc space narrowing and osteophyte growth at the circumference of the disc. To date, the agnostic search of the genome by genome-wide association (GWA) to identify common variants associated with LDD has not been fruitful. This study is the first GWA me...

BACKGROUND Lumbar disc disease has a disabling impact on global people with heavy burden on society, mainly consisting of lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) and lumbar disc herniation (LDH). The recently released lumbar disc nomenclature version 2.0 deepens our understandings on the diseases. Consequently, there is an urgent need to clarify the occurrence and distribution features of LDD and LDH in...

Lumbar-disc degeneration (LDD) is a polygenic disease. Susceptibility genes reported so far are mainly extracellular matrix proteins. D14 allele of asporin (ASPN) is associated with osteoarthritis (OA). Candidate-gene association studies showed that the D14 allele is also significantly associated with LDD in Chinese and Japanese individuals. Meta-analysis showed that individuals harboring a D14...

BACKGROUND Lumbar disc disease (LDD), one of the most common conditions for which patients seek medical care, has been associated with sequence changes of the COL genes. COL1A1, however, has not been studied in young patients with LDD; COL1A1 polymorphisms have been associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in several populations and with LDD in older adults. OBJECTIVE To study COL1A1 polymo...

Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is a widespread public health problem that may lead to disability and loss of productivity. Adiponectin is an adipokine secreted by adipose tissue and has been shown to be involved in cartilage homeostasis. In the present study, the association between the rs266729 (-11377C/G) and rs2241766 (45T/G) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene (AD...

OBJECTIVE Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder, but it is still unclear which individuals develop it. The authors examined the contribution of genetic factors, lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) and other risk factors in a female sample of the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2256 women (371 and 698 monozygotic and dizygotic ...

Long-distance dispersal (LDD) of seeds and pollen shapes the spatial dynamics of plant genotypes, populations and communities. Quantifying LDD is thus important for predicting the future dynamics of plants exposed to environmental changes. However, environmental changes can also alter the behaviour of LDD vectors: for instance, increasing air temperature may enhance atmospheric instability, the...