For video broadcasting applications in a wireless environment, layered transmission is an effective approach to support heterogeneous receivers with varying bandwidth requirements. There are several important issues that need to be addressed for such layered video broadcasting systems. At the session level, it is not clear how to allocate bandwidth resources among competing video sessions. For ...

The layering principle has been long identified as a way to increase the interoperability and to improve the design of telecommunication protocols, where each layer offers services to adjacent upper layers and requires functionalities from adjacent lower ones. In the past, layering has enabled fast development of interoperable systems, but at the same time limited the performance of the overall...

The strategy of subdividing optimization problems into layers by splitting variables into multiple copies has proved useful as a method for inducing exploitable structure in a variety of applications, particularly those involving embedded pure and generalized networks. A framework is proposed in this paper which leads to new relaxation and restriction methods for linear and integer programming ...

We present vapor pressure and high-resolution heat-capacity measurements of multilayer krypton films adsorbed on graphite. We have found a complex phase diagram including reentrant layering transitions for coverages higher than three layers. The third layering transition does not end in a condensation critical point as was previously expected. The second-layer melting transition is preceded by ...

This article presents an overview of the notion of layering in three types of structuralfunctional grammars. Layering is interpreted in a broad sense to refer to two types of linguistic differentiations: (1) on the one hand, a distinction between levels of coding, namely, syntax/grammar, semantics, pragmatics; (2) on the other hand, a differentiation between speaker-related vs. content-related ...