Crystalline surface layer proteins (S-layer proteins) have considerable potential for the crystalline arrays in biotechnology, biomimetics and nonlife applications, including areas such as microelectronics and molecular nanotechnology. The extensive application potential of surface layers in nanobiotechnology is according to the particular inherent attributes of the single molecular arrays cons...

Nowadays, with extending applications of bi-layer metallic sheets in different industrial sectors, accurate specification of each layer is very prominent to achieve desired properties. In order to predict behavior of sheets under different forming modes and determining rupture limit and necking, the concept of Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) is used. Optimization problem with objective functions an...

Abstract Single- and multilayer graphene sheets (MLGSs) are projectile-resisting materials that can be bombarded by nanoparticles to produce graphene sheets of various sizes and distributions of nanopores. These sheets are used in a variety of applications, including DNA sequencing, water desalination, and phase separation. Here, the impact-withstanding efficiency of graphene nanosheets and the...

In vitro scaling up of bioengineered tissues is known to be limited by diffusion issues, specifically a lack of vasculature. Here, we report a new strategy for preserving cell viability in three-dimensional tissues using cell sheet technology and a perfusion bioreactor having collagen-based microchannels. When triple-layer cardiac cell sheets are incubated within this bioreactor, endothelial ce...

In this paper, a mathematical model for symmetrical multi-layer sheet rolling, in which the layers are unbounded before rolling, by using the upper bound method and stream function theorem is proposed. Using this model, we can investigate the plastic deformation behavior of sheets at the roll gap during rolling. Effect of various rolling conditions such as initial and final thickness and flow s...

In this research, flat rolling process of bonded sandwich sheets is investigated by the method of upper bound. A kinematically admissible velocity field is developed for a single layer sheet and is extended into the rolling of the symmetrical sandwich sheets. The internal, shear and frictional power terms are derived and they are used in the upper bound model. Through the analysis, the rolling ...

This is the first study on the free vibrational behavior of sandwich panels with flexible core in the presence of smart sheets of oil which is capable of the excitation of magnetic field. In order to model the core, the improved high order theory of sandwich sheets was used by a polynomial with unknown coefficients first degree shear theory was used for the sheets. The derived equations based o...

Cell-free culture supernatants of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-polysaccharide-deficient, single-insertion transposon mutant of the tetragonal surface protein array (S layer)-containing fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida were examined by electron microscopy. Negative staining showed that the S layer was released as sheets of tetragonal material, indicating that although surface retention of ass...

The thermal conduction of suspended few-layer h-BN sheets was experimentally investigated using a noncontact micro-Raman spectroscopy method. The first-order temperature coefficients for 1L, 2L and 9L h-BN sheets were measured to be – (3.41 ± 0.12) × 10-2, – (3.15 ± 0.14) × 10-2 and – (3.78 ± 0.16) × 10-2 cm-1/K, respectively. The room-temperature thermal conductivity of few-layer h-BN sheets w...