seismic retrofit strategies have been developed in the past few decades following the introduction of new seismic provisions and the availability of advanced materials and methods. it can be observed that new approaches to deal with more lateral forces are more innovative and more energy absorbent. in line with this, there is a growing trend toward the use of steel shear walls as a system with ...

this thesis attempts to study the representations of the third-world intellectuals in three fictional works by the british-educated trinidadian nobel-winner v. s. naipaul: the mimic men, a bend in the river, and magic seeds. the first one recounts the story of ralph singh’s sense of alienation, his experiences as a colonial politician, and his struggle to give order to his disorderly world thro...

Extended abstract 1- Introduction Rivers are one of the dynamic landforms of natural landscapes that are subject to changes due to environmental variables and human interactions during different times and locations. Changes in the river, erosion of the bed and river bank are natural processes of alluvial rivers that destroy the surrounding agricultural land and damage human installations arou...

Dam removal is one of the methods of restoring the river ecosystem. In the present study, the removal of the Voshmgir Dam on the Gorganrud River, Iran, was considered, because of the high volume of sediment deposition in the reservoir and the loss of its useful life. Three scenarios were selected for the removal of the dam: 1- complete removal; 2- stepped removal of the spillway; and 3- removal...

The process of urbanization and development in high-risk areas such as river banks has increased the vulnerability of urban communities to environmental hazards. The banks of Khoshk River in Shiraz is one of these areas. These hazards are two parts : hazards resulted from river and waterways erosion (destruction, transportation and sedimentation) and the hazards resulted from floodings over the...

Streambank erosion hazard analysis by BEHI method, case study: Sajadroud stream, Mazandaran province Extended Abstract Introduction River bank erosion is a complex natural process and plays an important role in the dynamic equilibrium of the river. The amount of river bank erosion affects the river plan, cross section and dimensions of the river and is the main factor controlling channel mig...