Intracellular signaling pathways are reliant on protein phosphorylation events that are controlled by a balance of kinase and phosphatase activity. Although kinases have been extensively studied, the role of phosphatases in controlling specific cell signaling pathways has been less so. Leukocyte common antigen-related protein (LAR) is a member of the LAR subfamily of receptor-like protein tyros...

The LAR receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase is composed of two intracellular tyrosine phosphatase domains and a cell adhesion molecule-like extracellular region containing three immunoglubulin-like domains in combination with eight fibronectin type-III-like repeats. This architecture suggests that LAR may function in cellular signalling by the regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation throu...

To date, no studies have investigated the estimated blood loss (EBL) after full robotic low anterior resection (R-LAR) in a case-matched model, comparing it with the conventional open approach (O-LAR). Forty-nine patients in the R-LAR and 105 in the O-LAR group were matched for age, gender, BMI (body mass index), ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology) class, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classi...

OBJECTIVES Octreotide long acting repeatable (LAR) is commonly used to control the symptoms of patients with functional neuroendocrine tumors. Unfortunately, most patients escape control over time and require higher LAR doses or more frequent rescue therapy to remain asymptomatic. Previous work has shown that body weight and monthly LAR dose will significantly affect circulating plasma octreoti...

Laparoscopic-assisted rectal resection (LAR) has been widely used to treat rectal cancer. However, it has a steep learning curve. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the learning curve on the outcomes of LAR. All consecutive patients with rectal cancer undergoing LAR or open resection (OR) between 2010 and 2015 were included in this retrospective analysis. The learning curve w...

UNLABELLED The impact of appropriate use criteria (AUC) for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with SPECT on the estimated lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer is unknown. METHODS A cohort of 1,511 consecutive patients who underwent clinically indicated (99m)Tc-setamibi MPI were categorized into appropriate/uncertain (n = 823) versus inappropriate (n = 688) use groups according to the 2...

BACKGROUND In allergic asthma, exposure to relevant antigens leads to an early asthmatic response (EAR) followed, in certain subjects, by a late asthmatic response (LAR). Although many subjects with asthma consider LAR to be one of the defining symptoms of their disease, and despite its widespread use in the clinical assessment of new therapeutic entities, the mechanism underlying the LAR remai...

The leukocyte common antigen-related receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (LAR-RPTPs) are cellular receptors of heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycans that direct axonal growth and neuronal regeneration. LAR-RPTPs are also synaptic adhesion molecules that form trans-synaptic adhesion complexes by binding to various postsynaptic adhesion ligands, such as Slit- and Trk-...

During Drosophila visual system development, photoreceptors R7 and R8 project axons to targets in distinct layers of the optic lobe. We show here that the LAR receptor tyrosine phosphatase is required in the eye for correct targeting of R7 axons. In LAR mutants, R7 axons initially project to their correct target layer, but then retract to the R8 target layer. This targeting defect can be fully ...

OBJECTIVE In patients with type 2 diabetes, exenatide reduces A1C, postprandial and fasting glucose, and weight. In this study we investigated the effects of continuous exenatide administration from a long-acting release (LAR) formulation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 study, exenatide LAR (0.8 or 2.0 mg) was administered subcutaneously once weekly...