In the theory of traffic flows the main characteristics are: intensity, speed, and density.  They make it possible to use hydrodynamic models. In connection with the development of modern highways and road networks, traffic flows behavior is becoming more and more complex and diverse. In particular, the B.Kerner studies have shown that the laminar solution of hydrodynamic models is poorly corre...

The magnetic Reynolds number RM , is defined as the product of a characteristic scale and associated flow speed divided by the microphysical magnetic diffusivity. For laminar flows, RM also approximates the ratio of advective to dissipative terms in the total magnetic energy equation. However, for turbulent flows this latter ratio depends on the energy spectra and approaches unity in a steady s...

By applying fractal electromagnetic force fields on a thin layer of brine, we generate steady quasi-two-dimensional laminar flows with multiscale stagnation point topology. This topology is shown to control the evolution of pair separation (Delta) statistics by imposing a turbulentlike locality based on the sizes and strain rates of hyperbolic stagnation points when the flows are fast enough, i...

Analysis of non-laminar flows in coarse alluvial beds has a wide range of applications in various civil engineering, oil and gas, and geology problems. Darcy equation is not valid to analyze transient and turbulent flows, so non-linear equations should be applied. Non-linear equations are classified into power and binomial equations. Binomial equation is more accurate in a wide range of velocit...

longitudinal heat conduction is an important parameter in the cryogenic field, especially in cryogenic heat exchangers. in the present work, the parasitic effect of tube wall longitudinal heat conduction on temperature measurement has been studied in cryogenic laminar hydrogen flow. the effects of various parameters such as wall cold end temperature, wall thermal conductivity, gas volumetric fl...

Steady laminar flow in the straight parts of the arterial tree is atheroprotective, whereas disturbed flow with oscillation in branch points and the aortic root are athero-prone, in part, because of the distinct roles of the flow patterns in regulating the cell cycle of vascular endothelial cells (ECs). To elucidate the molecular basis underlying the endothelial cell cycle regulated by distinct...