Fifty-one patients were investigated by subtraction macrodacryocystography (SMDCG, 103 systems) and by lacrimal scintigraphy (LS, 105 systems). It was found that these investigations complemented each other and between them the precise site of obstruction in the lacrimal drainage apparatus could be determined in 80%. The radiation dosage to the lens in SMDCG significant, and it is therefore rec...

Purpose The S100 fused-type proteins hornerin (HRNR) and filaggrin-2 (FLG2) are members of the epidermal differentiation complex, which is involved in terminal differentiation of keratinocytes via cornification as well as maintenance of the epidermal antimicrobial barrier. We investigated the expression and possible regulation of HRNR and FLG2 at the ocular surface and in the lacrimal apparatus...

PURPOSE To compared the ultrasound findings of the lacrimal sac between subjects with normal lacrimal systems those with chronic dacryocystitis. METHODS A retrospective study of 10 subjects with a normal lacrimal system (Group 1) and 10 with chronic dacryocystitis (Group 2) diagnosed according to B-mode ultrasound with a 10-MHz transducer and the direct-contact technique (AVISO, Quantel Medic...

Introduction: Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), a popular surgical procedure, has been performed using an endoscopic approach over recent years. Excellent anatomical knowledge is required for this endoscopic surgical approach. This study was performed in order to better evaluate the anatomical features of the lacrimal apparatus from cadavers in the Isfahan forensic center as a sample of the Iranian ...

introduction: dacryocystorhinostomy (dcr), a popular surgical procedure, has been performed using an endoscopic approach over recent years. excellent anatomical knowledge is required for this endoscopic surgical approach. this study was performed in order to better evaluate the anatomical features of the lacrimal apparatus from cadavers in the isfahan forensic center as a sample of the iranian ...

Purpose Primary ductal adenocarcinoma arising in the structures of the lacrimal apparatus is extremely rare, and the entity is considered a lacrimal counterpart of salivary duct carcinoma, of which the majority are known to express androgen receptor (AR). Less than 10 cases of AR-positive carcinomas of lacrimal gland or lacrimal sac have been described. Observations We present a primary ducta...

Balloon dacryoplasty is a term used for a set of minimally invasive lacrimal procedures that utilize specially designed balloons, targeted at different points in the lacrimal system for a wide range of indications. Balloons were first used by Becker and Berry in 1989. This article would review the details of various balloons, instruments needed, indications in pediatric and adult populations, p...

THE discharge of tears from an abnormally placed orifice was first reported by Sir William Mackenzie (1830). In his case the cutaneous orifice lay close to the lacrimal gland and appears to have been a fistula of the lacrimal gland itself. Over fifty years later Moritz (1898) reported a cutaneous orifice discharging tears and placed at some distance from the lacrimal gland complex. This latter ...