In this paper, novel liver-targeting nanoparticles (NPs), lactosyl-norcantharidin (Lac-NCTD)-associated N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) NPs (Lac-NCTD-TMC-NPs), were prepared using ionic cross-linkage. The physical properties, particle size, and encapsulation efficiency of the nanoparticles were then investigated. The continuous line of heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (...

The pathway by which L-lactate (Lac) crosses the plasma membrane of isolated human neutrophils was investigated. The influx of [14C]Lac from a 2 mM Lac, 145 mM Cl-, 5.6 mM glucose medium was approximately 1.5 meq/liter of cell water.min and was sensitive to the organomercurial agent mersalyl (apparent Ki approximately 20 microM), to alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CHC), the classical inhibitor ...

INTRODUCTION We compared simultaneous measurements of blood lactate concentration ([Lac]) in the right atrium (RA) and in the pulmonary artery (PA). Our aim was to determine if the mixing of right atrial with coronary venous blood, having substantially lower [Lac], results in detectable decreases in [Lac] from the RA to the PA. METHODS A prospective, sequential, observational study was conduc...

Lanthanum carbonate (LaC) is a non-calcium-based phosphate binder used to treat hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Oral administration of LaC is difficult in patients undergoing tube feeding or those who are of advanced age because it is essential to chew the LaC tablet sufficiently before swallowing it. We report two cases in whom crushed LaC was used in hemodialysis pa...

The effects of induction and of transient and catabolite repression on lac-specific RNA in cells of Escherichia coli were investigated. The rate of Zac-specific RNA synthesis increases linearly for 3 min after induction and then becomes constant. The accumulation of RNA complementary to the promoter proximal tat 2 gene begins before accumulation of RNA complementary to the promoter distal lac Y...

The effects of induction and of transient and catabolite repression on lac-specific RNA in cells of Escherichia coli were investigated. The rate of Zac-specific RNA synthesis increases linearly for 3 min after induction and then becomes constant. The accumulation of RNA complementary to the promoter proximal tat 2 gene begins before accumulation of RNA complementary to the promoter distal lac Y...

We tested the effect of systematic destruction of all three lac operators of the chromosomal lac operon of Escherichia coli on repression by Lac repressor. Absence of just one 'pseudo-operator' O2 or O3 decreases repression by wild-type tetrameric Lac repressor approximately 2- to 3-fold; absence of both 'pseudo-operators' decreases repression greater than 50-fold. O1 alone represses under thes...

Escherichia coli lab strains K-12 GM4792 Lac(+) and GM4792 Lac(-) carry opposite lactose markers, which are useful for distinguishing evolved lines as they produce different colored colonies. The two closely related strains are chosen as ancestors for our ongoing studies of experimental evolution. Here, we describe the genome sequences, annotation, and features of GM4792 Lac(+) and GM4792 Lac(-...

Reproduction is the highest energy demand period for small mammals, during which both energy intake and expenditure are increased to cope with elevated energy requirements of offspring growth and somatic protection. Oxidative stress life history theory proposed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were produced in direct proportion to metabolic rate, resulting in oxidative stress and damage to ma...

We have examined transcription on templates containing the trp and lac UV5 promoters arranged in tandem or opposing orientations. These studies have revealed that the strengths of the two promoters are comparable, though the lac UV5 promoter is much more sensitive to the level of initiating purine present. Kinetic experiments have shown that a polymerase molecule poised at the lac promoter, or ...