Background and aims: Melasma is an acquired hyperpigmentation on the face, which generally happens in women between the ages of 30 to 35. If treatment is not performed in a timely manner, many cosmetic problems can arise. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of kojic acid and hydroquinone 2% creams for the treatment of melasma. Methods: 100 women with epidermic melasma who were refe...

Objective: Polyphenol oxidase or PPO (EC 1.14.18.1) is considered the enzyme responsible for quality deterioration and browning in different fruits during postharvest period. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibrowning (inhibition of polyphenol oxidase activity) effect of Cysteine, Ascorbic acid, citric acid, kojic acid and glycine at two different pH (6 and 7) in  hawthorn. Me...

Kojic acid functions as an antioxidant in cosmetic products. Kojic acid was not a toxicant in acute, chronic, reproductive, and genotoxicity studies. While some animal data suggested tumor promotion and weak carcinogenicity, kojic acid is slowly absorbed into the circulation from human skin and likely would not reach the threshold at which these effects were seen. The available human sensitizat...

Kojic acid, 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-γ-pyrone, has many potential industrial applications. In this review, the properties and diverse applications of kojic acid in industries are described. The review also discusses the advance in kojic acid fermentation, focusing on the process development in microorganisms and strain selection, medium and culture optimization, as well as fermentation modes f...

Kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4-pyranone) represents an attractive polyfunctional skeleton for development of biologically active compounds. The authors prepared a great variety of kojic acid derivatives and selected biological properties have been studied. Thus, kojic acid derivatives are promising compounds that might advantageously be used in human and/or veterinary medicine and also...

In this study, 7-O-kojic acid monopalmitate (7-O-KAP) was synthesized using palmitic acid and kojic acid where the yield and biological activities were analyzed. The highest yield of 7-O-KAP (43%) can be obtained at molar ratio of 1:1, enzyme loading of 5% (w/v), temperature of 70 ◦C, using immobilized lipase N435 in solvent-free system. Stirred tank reactor (STR) provides better mixing of the ...

nano silica sulfuric acid as a solid acid, was described to be an effective catalyst for one-pot three-component reaction of kojic acid, aryl aldehydes and indoles for the preparation of 2-substituted aryl (indolyl) kojic acid derivatives. the catalyst was prepared by combination of chlorosulfonic acid to nano silica gel. the size of nanoparticles were observed with sem.all prepared compounds w...

objectives: iron chelators, such as maltol and kojic acid, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. they may have beneficial effects on inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) because iron can develop and aggravate inflammation in ibd. in the present study, the effect of selected iron chelators and anti-oxidants were evaluated on a model of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (tnbs)-induced coliti...

Kojic acid and deferiprone are iron chelators used for skin lightening and iron-overload treatment, respectively. As iron chelation and free radical scavenging are principal factors for wound healing, it was hypothesised that the local application of these compounds might accelerate wound healing in rats. Ointments of 3%, 6% and 9% of deferiprone and kojic acid were prepared and topical treatme...