Aim: The study was undertaken to compare the clinical efficacy of lumbosacral spinal analgesia produced using bupivacaine, xylazine and buprenorphine with ketamine combination in buffalo calves Materials and Methods: 36 male buffalo calves of seven to eight months of age and weighing 60 to 75 kg were used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lumbosacral spinal analgesia produced by bupivacain...

PURPOSE We have observed that the commonly used ketamine/xylazine anesthesia mix can induce a focally severe and permanent corneal opacity. The purpose of this study was to establish the clinical and histological features of this deleterious side effect, its sensitivity with respect to age and anesthesia protocol, and approaches for avoiding it. METHODS Young C57BL/6J, C57BLKS/J, and SJL/J mi...

Objectives: To evaluate if epidural administration of xylazine could decrease the effective dose of intravenous ketamine for maintenance of general anesthesia in laparoscopic procedures and assessment of related complications during anesthesia. Design: Experimental Study. Animals: 20 Female dogs with 21.0 ± 3.0 kg weight and 18.0 ± 1.2 months age. Material and methods: Animals randomly divid...

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact general anesthetic drug ketamine and premedication agents medetomidine xylazine, their reversal by atipamezole, on monitored anesthesia care values ocular parameters such as intraocular pressure, horizontal pupillar diameter, Schirmer tear test in cats. A randomized, single-blinded conducted. Twenty intact female cats (weiging between 2.2 3.6 ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of the anesthetic regimen on anesthetic recovery, survival, and blood glucose levels following a 90% partial hepatectomy in rats. METHODS Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to their anesthetic regimens: intraperitoneal ketamine and xylazine or inhaled isoflurane. In order to prevent hypoglycemia, glucose was administered intr...

Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, is commonly used in combination with xylazine, an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, to induce surgical anesthesia in birds and other vertebrates. Problems associated with this anesthetic combination include impaired thermoregulation, compounded by the inability to feed while anesthesia lasts (approximately 6 h after a single dose), and the ketamine-indu...

objective- this study aimed to compare sedation efficacy in intranasal administration of xylazine, diazepam and midazolam with or without ketamine in chough. design- to determine the sedation efficacy, an experimental in vivo study was employed. animals- seven healthy choughs were examined in the current study. procedures- with an interval of one week, seven healthy adult non domesticated choug...

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ketamine/ xylazine and pentobarbital anaesthesia on heart rate variability as a marker of autonomic nervous system activity. The experiments were performed in ketamine/ xylazine (10 mg/kg/15 mg/kg) and pentobarbital (40 mg/kg, i.p.) anaesthetized female Wistar rats, after adaptation to a light-dark cycle of 12 hours light: 12 hours dar...

There is an increasing need to develop field immobilization techniques that allow researchers to handle safely swift foxes (Vulpes velox) with minimal risk of stress or injury. We immobilized captive swift foxes to determine the safety and effectiveness of ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride at different dosages. We attempted to determine appropriate dosages to immobilize swift fo...

Subliminal electromagnetic fields (EMFs) triggered nonlinear evoked potentials in awake but not anesthetized animals, and increased glucose metabolism in the hindbrain. Field detection occurred somewhere in the head and possibly was an unrecognized function of sensory neurons in facial skin, which synapse in the trigeminal nucleus and project to the thalamus via glutamate-dependent pathways. If...