abstract information about the spatial patterns of soil biodiversity is limited though required, e.g. for understanding effects of biodiversity on ecosystem processes. this study was conducted to determine whether soil macrofauna biodiversity parameters display spatial patterns in the riparian forest landscape of karkhe. soil macrofauna were sampled using 200 sampling point along parallel trans...

abstract soil invertebrate and their spatial pattern are affected strongly by environmental factors. spatial variability of soil properties is one of the most important reasons of the macrofauna variability. this study was conducted to investigate the spatial variability of soil properties and soil macrofauna biomass in the riparian forest landscape of karkhe river. soil macro fauna were sample...

Pool and weir is a type of fishway that provides a route for fish to migrate to damupstream. The effective parameters for fish swimming include velocity, water depth andturbulence. Several rubber dams have been under construction in Mazandaran Province, butthe necessary structures have not been built around them yet. When constructing these rubberdams, numerical models can be used to evaluate f...

wheat septoria leaf blotch disease caused by mycosphaerella graminicola   is one of the most  important diseases of wheat in iran and the world .evaluation the reaction of wheat genotypes and on the other hand identifying pathogen virulence factors are necessary for a successful breeding program. the aim of this study was to assess the adult plant responses of iranian bread and durum wheat geno...

in the water resources planning and management, rainfall is considered as the main representative factor of region's hydroclimate system. there is a high level of spatial and temporal variability in rainfall events. rain gauges are used for precipitation measurement in different points of the region. due to limitations of rain gauges development, it is impossible to measure the exact distr...

background and objectives: currently nearly 70% of the area under cultivation of a milliard hectares of the world, devoted to cereals as well as about half of the total dietary needs of people, especially in asia directly from cereals sources. factors affecting wheat quality includes the chemical, physical, qualitative and farming. since each grain products requires the use of flour with specia...