The present study deals with the pre-treatment of sugar cane molasses for the enhanced production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger NG-4. Different metal complexing agents such as potassium ferrocyanide [K4Fe(CN)6] and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) were also employed for molasses pre-treatment and the concentrations varied from 50-350 ppm. The maximum production of citric acid (36...

Microbial cell populations in polluted water were determined by using a fuel cell-type electrode. The electrode was composed of a Pt anode, a Pt-K3Fe(CN)6-K4Fe(CN)6 cathode, and a cation-exchange membrane for separating two electrode compartments. The principle of microbial cell number determination is based on sensing a redox dye reduced by microorganisms with the electrode. Sample solutions c...

Multidrug resistance has resulted in hurtful infections on treatment with common antimicrobials and is associated health threatening problems. Antibiotic abuse care systems contributes to global resistance. β-lactams are the predominantly used antibiotics, most often cefotaxime, therefore facing a problem. Potent cephalosporin derivatives, β-lactamase inhibitors, prodrugs, drug nano-carriers ap...

Recently cadmium selenide (CdSe) photoelectrodes attract­ ed interest concerning solar energy conversion because of their good stability and high efficiency. Investigations were per­ formed with CdSe single crystals [1, 2], sintered pellets [3], pastes [4, 5] as well as thin films, obtained by different meth­ ods, e.g. electrochemical deposition [6-8], spray pyrolysis [9], vacuum deposition [10...