The authors use a developmental perspective to examine questions about the criminal culpability of juveniles and the juvenile death penalty. Under principles of criminal law, culpability is mitigated when the actor's decision-making capacity is diminished, when the criminal act was coerced, or when the act was out of character. The authors argue that juveniles should not be held to the same sta...

Growing public concern about the rise in violent juvenile crime is borne out by increases in the juvenile court's caseload, which rose 23% between 1989 and 1993. The number of cases involving person offenses increased by 52%. Despite the rise in person offenses, the majority of delinquency cases in juvenile court involve property offenses, and less than 10% of the caseload consists of violent o...

In 1999 an estimated 717 036 juveniles were incarcerated in the United States [1]. Many youth remain in detention a short time while others convicted of serious crimes spend years incarcerated. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 mandated that youth not be housed with adults. Nonetheless, on June 30, 2000, an estimated 7600 youths were incarcerated in adult facilities [2...

IMPORTANCE Among youths with conduct problems, callous-unemotional (CU) traits are known to be an important determinant of symptom severity, prognosis, and treatment responsiveness. But positive correlations between conduct problems and CU traits result in suppressor effects that may mask important neurobiological distinctions among subgroups of children with conduct problems. OBJECTIVE To as...

Juvenile perpetrated sexual aggression has been a problem of growing concern in American society over the past decade. Currently it is estimated that juveniles account for up to one-fifth of the rapes, and one-half of the cases of child molestation committed in the United States each year. The majority of cases of juvenile sexual aggression appear to involve adolescent male perpetrators; howeve...

During the 1990s and 2000s, nearly every state revised its laws or adopted new legislation facilitating the transfer of juvenile offenders from juvenile court to criminal court. Previously, transfer was reserved for the “worst juveniles”, or those youths who were charged with serious violent offenses. This paper compares and contrasts girls and boys who were judicially waived to adult court in ...

As a clinician working with high-risk youths in New York City, many of whom are justice-involved and substance users, I applaud Welty et al. for their illuminating article in the May issue of AJPH. Their study revealed many noteworthy findings, including the declining prevalence of substance-use disorders (SUDs) among justice-involved youths from about 50% at baseline to nearly 20% 12 years lat...

The publicity about online "predators" who prey on naive children using trickery and violence is largely inaccurate. Internet sex crimes involving adults and juveniles more often fit a model of statutory rape--adult offenders who meet, develop relationships with, and openly seduce underage teenagers--than a model of forcible sexual assault or pedophilic child molesting. This is a serious proble...

Abstract Delinquent youths often do not receive the opportunity to be mentored. This is especially true for who have committed serious law violations or are detained multiple violations. In United States, with most offenses detention, rehabilitation, treatment centers. Since 2011, Juvenile Reentry Mentoring Project (JRMP) has matched mentors in Nebraska Detention, and Treatment Facilities. The ...

changes of ions (na+, cr, k+), osmolarity and water concentration of body tissue, size and number of gill chloride cells as well as mortality percentage of the juveniles caspian roaches in weight groups of0.2, 0.5 & 1g water satiny stress were studied. the salinities tested  were 0 (fesh water), 7, 12.5 & 16g/lit and the assessments were completed 0, 12, 24, 48 & 72 hours after exposure. result...