nephritis remains an important problem in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). we conducted retrospective study to evaluate the efficiency of intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide in lupus nephritis: from 1983 to 1993, we reviewed 133 patients with biopsy proven lupus nephritis, 47 of them excluded because of short period of follow-up or defective laboratory data. eighty six patients ...

Pain in ICU patients should be managed effectively and safely. Fentanyl and Paracetamol are used frequently in ICU. However experience using IV Paracetamol in the setting of critically ill patients is limited. We evaluated the analgesic effect and adverse reactions of intravenous Paracetamol compared to Fentanyl in ICU patients with mild to moderate pain. Forty patients in a general ICU were ra...

Pain in ICU patients should be managed effectively and safely. Fentanyl and Paracetamol are used frequently in ICU. However experience using IV Paracetamol in the setting of critically ill patients is limited. We evaluated the analgesic effect and adverse reactions of intravenous Paracetamol compared to Fentanyl in ICU patients with mild to moderate pain. Forty patients in a general ICU were ra...

the stereochemistry of the actinide elements has recently undergone considerable development and a wide variety of coordination numbers and geometries have been observed. this structural versatility arises from the lack of strong crystal field effects for the 5f-electronic configurations as well as from the large ionic radii of these metal ions, which change markedly with oxidation number, or a...

the in-situ method of synthesis has been used to isolate oxovanadium(iv) complexes with ligands derived by reaction of benzil with amino acids such as glycine, alanine, serine, cysteine and valine, where template effect of vo +2 cation appears to play an important role. the complexes are characterised by elemental analysis, magnetic moment measurements and spectral (infrared, electronic and ele...

a simple, selective and sensitive method for the determination of trace amount of titanium (iv) based on its catalytic effect on methylene blue- ascorbic acid redox reaction has been reported. the reaction was followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the change in absorbance of methylene blue at 665 nm, 5 minutes after the initiation of the reaction. in this study experimental parameters we...

background and aims: students experience some degrees of mental disorders during their life. therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of mental disorders among the secondary school students in ilam, iran. methods: this is a cross sectional study, carried out among the secondary school students in ilam, iran. we assessed 841 students including 446 m...

nicotine is one the chemical substance with high level of toxically. it crosses the placenta and accumulates in the developing organs of fetus. our previous investigations indicated that collagen type iv plays a key role in basement membrane of various embryonic organs. in this study we evaluated the effect of maternal nicotine exposure pre and postnatal period on collagen iv expression during ...