this entry presents the science of diplomatics, briefly describing its history, its theoretical content, and its methodology. comparing classic diplomatics with modern diplomatics, it discusses the concepts of authenticity, originality, and record. then, it outlines the building blocks of the diplomatic body of knowledge, that its, the context, the act, the persons, the procedure, the documenta...

The conceptual fuzziness of terms like misinformation, disinformation, rumour, gossip, conspiracy theories has been discussed by various scholars (e.g. DiFonzo & Bordia, 2007; Rojecki Meraz, 2016). In both academic research and media reports, it is common to see these being used interchangeably. To develop better understanding how why different forms misinformation operate, important clarif...

To deal with the huge amount of potentially interesting content on the web today, users seek the help of curators to recommend which content to consume. The two most common forms of curation are expert-based (the editor of a newspaper decides which articles to place on the front page), and algorithmic-based (a search algorithm determines the ranking of websites for a given query). In recent yea...

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) plays an important role in the formation of combustion-generatedparticles such as soot, and their presence in atmosphere aerosols has been widely shown. the formation of five-membered rings, detected in combustion effluent, is of great interest due to their genotoxic activity.the present study reports an investigation of the electronic structure of acenapht...

Multimedia identification via content fingerprints is used in many applications, such as content filtering on usergenerated content websites, automatic multimedia identification and tagging. A compact “fingerprint” is computed for each multimedia signal that captures robust and unique properties of the perceptual content, which is used for identifying the multimedia. Several different multimedi...

background:   measuring content validity of instruments are important. this type of validity can help to ensure construct validity and give confidence to the readers and researchers about instruments. content validity refers to the degree that the instrument covers the content that it is supposed to measure. for content validity two judgments are necessary: the measurable extent of each item fo...

Abstract The Fairlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern (FGM) family has been investigated in detail for various continuous marginals such as Cauchy, normal, exponential, gamma, Weibull, lognormal and others. It has been a popular model for the bivariate distribution with mild dependence. However, bivariate FGM’s with continuous marginals on a bounded support discussed in the literature are only those with uni...