Recent studies have shown that the Cu/cap layer interface is the dominant diffusion path for electromigration (EM) in Cu interconnects, making it important to develop effective methods to evaluate the effect of passivation layer on interfacial mass transport and EM lifetime for Cu interconnects. This work shows that a set of isothermal stress relaxation tests together with appropriate modeling ...

Understanding the interaction between a fluid and a solid phase is of fundamental importance to the design of an adsorption process. Because the heat effects associated with adsorption are comparatively large, the assumption of isothermal behavior is a valid approximation only when uptake rates are relatively slow. In this article, we propose to determine when it is needed to choose the isother...

The coupling of reactions in catalytic membrane reactors provides novel reactor configurations that allow shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium and yields of thermodynamically limited reactions and enhancing significantly the rate of production. An interesting pair to couple is the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene and the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline. Hydrogen produced in...

Hydraulic fracturing is a phenomenon in which cracks propagate through the porous medium due to high pore fluid pressure. Hydraulic fracturing appears in different engineering disciplines either as a destructive phenomenon or as a useful technique. Modeling of this phenomenon in isothermal condition requires analysis of soil deformation, crack and pore fluid pressure interactions. In this paper...