The knock-down, mortality and 'irritancy' effects of three synthetic repellents (DEET, IR3535 and KBR 3023) on Aedes aegypti (L) (Diptera: Culicidae) were evaluated in the laboratory in the absence of animal bait. Filter paper tests were carried out to assess the knock-down effect (KDt(50) and KDt(95)) and mortality (LC(50) and LC(95)) induced by each repellent. 'Irritancy' tests were carried o...

Recently, vector-borne diseases have been resurging in endemic areas and expanding their geographic range into nonendemic areas. Such changes have refocused attention to the potential for major public health events, as naive populations are exposed to these pathogens. Personal topical repellents, recommended by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organi...

Purpose: To study the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), and associated mechanism action.Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to sham, (I/R), Dex, MD groups (methyllycaconitine prior injection with Dex), 15 in each group. Pathological changes tissues determined all groups. Protein expression levels HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κB myeloid differ...

Background CMR is the imaging modality of choice to quantify myocardial injury in studies of cardioprotection. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), using transient limb ischemia and reperfusion, is a novel therapeutic intervention, which can protect the heart against acute ischemiareperfusion injury (IRI). Whether RIC can reduce myocardial infarct (MI) size, and improve myocardial salvage in ST-...

Introduction: It has been reported that traumas such as transverse abdominal incision before myocardial ischemia result in a significantly decreased infarct size. This phenomenon is named remote preconditioning of trauma. Since small skin burn is one of most common traumas, the effect of this injury on ischemia-induced arrhythmias and infarct size was investigated in a rat model of ischemia-...

Meldrum, Kirstan K., Daniel R. Meldrum, Xianzhong Meng, Lihua Ao, and Alden H. Harken. TNF-dependent bilateral renal injury is induced by unilateral renal ischemiareperfusion. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 282: H540–H546, 2002; 10.1152/ajpheart.00072.2001.—While tumor necrosis factor (TNF)is an important mediator of renal ischemiareperfusion (I/R) injury, its role in contralateral renal injur...

Ischemia-reperfusion injury, a common complication during liver surgery where steatotic livers are more prone to the injury, may become more prevalent in the growing obese population. This study characterizes liver morphology toward understanding changes in subcellular function in steatotic livers exposed to ischemiareperfusion injury through quantitative description of fluorescein distribution...

OBJECTIVES Recent studies have revealed that nitric oxide (NO) in concert with lipid peroxidation (LP) may play an important role in pathophysiological mechanism(s) of cerebral ischemia. In addition, hyperglycemia exaggerates the pathological changes during cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E (VE) on LP, NO production, and superoxide dismutas...