Huygens’ principle can be used to determine various experimentally verifiable and predictable behavior of the path of light through any optical system. However, as seen in the chapter on Light, the Huygens wavefront construction can be become complicated, especially in systems with a large number of optical components. A simpler approach to track the behavior of light is based on the propagatio...

A three-dimensional extension of the recently demonstrated generalization of the laws of refraction and reflection was investigated for both flat and curved metasurfaces. We found that out-of-plane refraction occurs for a metasurface that imparts a wavevector out of the plane of incidence onto the incident light beam. Metasurfaces provide arbitrary control over the direction of refraction, and ...

Shock wave refraction at a sharp density interface is classical problem in hydrodynamics. Presently, we investigate the strongly planar of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) shock an inclined interface. A magnetic field applied that initially oriented either perpendicular or parallel to motion incident shock. We explore flow structure by varying magnitude governed non-dimensional parameter [Formula: see...

Studying Gaussian beam is a method to investigate laser beam propagation and ABCD matrix is a fast and simple method to simulate Gaussian beam propagation in different mediums. Of the ABCD matrices studied so far, reflection and refraction matrices at various surfaces have attracted a lot of researches. However in previous work the incident beam and the principle axis of surface are in parallel...

We construct in dimension two a mirror that reflects collimated rays into a set of directions that amplify the image and an optical lens so that collimated rays are refracted into a set of directions with a prescribed magnification factor. The profiles of these optical surfaces are given by explicit formulas involving the Legendre transformation.