Abnormal uterine bleeding is any bleeding from the uterus other than normal monthly period. Having extremely heavy bleeding during period can also be considered abnormal uterine bleeding. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding that is not caused by an underlying anatomical abnormality, such as a fibroid, lesion, or tumor. DUB is the most common type of abn...

Irregular dysfunctional bleeding of the endometrium (ie, metrorrhagia without organic lesion) is common in women, whether treated or not with ovarian hormones. Several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) become normally expressed and/or activated at menstruation and cause extracellular matrix breakdown. We therefore explored whether episodes of irregular dysfunctional bleeding could be associated ...

OBJECTIVE To compare side effects between users of two kinds of injectable contraceptives (Depo-medroxy progesterone acetate and Cyclofem). MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional descriptive study included 250 women, aged 18-40 years, using Depo-medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) or Cyclofem. The volunteers were examined six months after using contraceptive, and they were asked about fol...

To cite: Dickson J, Hoggart L, Newton VL. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2014;40:158–160. THE PROBLEM The etonogestrel contraceptive implant (Implanon, Nexplanon) is widely recognised as a reliable and cost-effective form of contraception. However, continuation rates are of concern as the method loses cost effectiveness when discontinued early. It has been calculated that 60% of implant removal...

Introduction Many young women experience irregular or heavy vaginal bleeding in the course of their development. In most cases, the abnormal bleeding is due to anovulation and immaturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian feedback mechanisms. However, abnormal bleeding may be the presenting sign of multiple medical illnesses that require long-term treatment and follow-up, and pediatricians m...

Uterine bleedings are quite common in obstetric practice. Excessive menstrual flow or undue prolongation of the period of bleeding is known as menorrhagia. The patient is free from bleeding during the intermenstrual periods. Pure menorrhagia is an important symptom of many well defined conditions and should not be confused with the conditions giving rise to irregular bleeding. Metrorrhagia is a...

OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to evaluate whether it was possible to abstain from performing an endometrial biopsy when endometrial thickness according to transvaginal ultrasonography was /=50 years who were re...

We experienced rare combination of multiple irregular shaped aneurysms along the course of the feeding artery and arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the posterior circulation. We could not explain which aneurysm was a cause of bleeding because all the aneurysms showed irregular in shape like pseudoaneurysms and location of the aneurysms was very close each other. We report two cases in which m...

a 33-year-old female presented with intermittent abdominal pain and severe attacks of lower gastrointestinal (gi) bleeding since 2 weeks. she has had history of irregular menses in last 3 months. in the labeled rbc-scan study, the bleeding site was detected in left upper quadrant (luq). in surgery, a tumor with the diameter of 2ã—1cm in a 65 cm distance of ligament of trietz was detected. in pa...