the life history of an acarid mite, tyrophagus putrescentiae (schrank), on fusarium graminearum clade was investigated at 25 â± 1â°c, 60 â± 5% rh and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (l: d) h. incubation period for egg hatch, larval and nymphal periods and adult longevity were 2.22 â± 0.06, 3.46 â± 0.12, 4.84 â± 0.16 and 10.05 â± 0.9 days, respectively. the average life span of males and females were 22....

the two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae) is one of the most important agricultural pests of the world. it causes direct and indirect damage on plants which decreases in photosynthesis and crop yield. the effect of sublethal concentrations of artemisia annua l. (asteraceae) and rosmarinus officinalis l. (lamiaceae) essential oils were assessed on development a...

the beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua hübner) is an important pest of many agricultural crops all over the world. most of the sugar beet growing regions in iran are infested. in this study, the acute lethal effects of pyriproxyfen, spinosad, and indoxacarb as well as sublethal effects of pyriproxyfen on the 1st instar s. exigua were assessed by leaf dip bioassay method. mortality was recorded 48...

effects of four pesticides (imidacloprid, dichlorvos, pymetrozine and abamectin) were evaluated on life table parameters of orius albidipennis (reuter). pesticides were used at the concentrations recommended by the manufacturers. the bioassays were carried out using drum-cell method, in a growth chamber at 27 â± 1âºc, r.h. of 65 â± 5% and 16 h photo phase. the net reproductive rate (r0) value f...

the impairment of the reproductive performance of pesticide resistant individuals in pesticide-free environment is the result of fitness costs associated with pesticide resistance, which is often determined by resource allocation from a basic physiological process to the protection against pesticides, favoring survival at the expense of reproduction. in this study, the fecundity life table para...

influence of 13 soybean cultivars (356, m4, m7, m9, clark, sahar, jk, bp, williams, l17, zane, gorgan3 and dpx) on the life table parameters of the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hã¼bner) was studied at 25 â± 1â°c, relative humidity of 65 â± 5% and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (l: d) h. the survival rate (lx) of individuals developed to adults from the initial cohort on the mentioned cultivar...

the toxicity of imidacloprid and pirimicarb for all stages of the melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover, were investigated under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 oc, 65 ± 5% r.h. and a photoperiod of 16:8 (l: d) h.) using a leaf dipping method. these pesticides were very toxic for first instar nymphs of a. gossypii with lc50 values of 17 and 220.2 ppm for imidacloprid and pirimicarb, respectively. fo...

development, reproduction and life table parameters of tetranychus urticae koch were determined on leaves of peach (g. h. hale cultivar) at different temperatures, ranging from 13 to 33°c under laboratory conditions. no development was observed at 13°c. egg-to-adult developmental time decreased gradually from 17 to 27°c and increased at higher temperatures (27 to 33°c). an average of 136.43 deg...