2 According to the immunologist Eduardo Schiffrin from Switzerland, intestinal microflora can be considered to be an organ in its own right. In fact, intestinal microflora, made of a wide variety of bacteria, is capable, like an organ, of accomplishing important functions that can be modulated by environmental factors such as nutrition. This organ has the special feature of being acquired after...

Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs) interact with intestinal microflora to drive GALT development and diversify the primary antibody repertoire; however, the molecular mechanisms that link these events remain elusive. Alicia rabbits provide an excellent model to investigate the relationship between GALT, intestinal microflora, and modulation of the antibody repertoire. Most B cells in neona...

Recent advances in molecular sequencing technology have allowed researchers to answer major questions regarding the relationship between a vast genomic diversity-such as found in the intestinal microflora-and host physiology. Over the past few years, it has been established that, in obesity, type 1 diabetes and Crohn's disease-to cite but a few-the intestinal microflora play a pathophysiologica...

Since bacterial nitroreduction may play a critical role in the activation of nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, we have used batch and semicontinuous culture systems to determine the ability of intestinal microflora to metabolize the carcinogen 6-nitrochrysene (6-NC). 6-NC was metabolized by the intestinal microflora present in the semicontinuous culture system to 6-aminochrysene (6-AC), N-...

The aerobic intestinal microflora of 2-week-old herring (Clupea harengus) larvae was characterized by using conventional microbiological methods and electron microscopy. Larvae were hatched and kept in filtered seawater or in seawater with penicillin and streptomycin. The gastrointestinal tract of herring larvae is essentially a straight tube divided into two compartments. Light microscopy reve...

Dysbiotic shifts in intestinal and pharyngeal microflora were studied in 22 normal volunteers in 9-, 14-, 105- and 520-d chamber experiments simulating some of the spaceflight factors. Two preparations were administered to prevent pharyngeal and intestinal dysbiosis: oral dry probiotic based on indigenous intestinal Enterococci and topical collagen-immobilized Lactobacterin based on indigenous ...

The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are T cell-mediated diseases that are characterized by chronic, relapsing inflammation of the intestinal tract. The pathogenesis of IBD involves the complex interaction between the intestinal microflora, host genetic and immune factors, and environmental stimuli. Epidemiological analyses have implicated acute bacteri...

Dysbiosis is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but it is unclear which specific intestinal bacteria predispose to and which protect from IBD and how they are regulated. Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (Pglyrps) are antibacterial, participate in maintaining intestinal microflora, and modulate inflammatory responses. Mice deficient in any one of the four Pglyrp genes are more sen...

background: essential oils as growth stimulant play an important role in improving intestinal microflora and morphological properties and immune system in broiler chickens. objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of artemisia sieberi oil on intestinal morphology, secum microflora and immune system in broiler chickens. methods: two hundred day-old broiler chickens (ross ...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Intestinal microflora plays crucial roles in modulating pharmacokinetic characteristics and pharmacological actions of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). However, the exact impact of altered intestinal microflora affecting the biotransformation of TCMs remains poorly understood. AIMS OF THE STUDY This study aimed to reveal the specific e...