Abstract This is the first paper that analyzes for a global sample of countries how trade agreements include technology-related provisions impact exports goods, and this differs depending on technology content goods. It includes estimations structural gravity model panel 176 over period 1995–2015. The differentiates between relating transfer, technical cooperation, research development, patents...

Many recent international agreements sponsored by bodies such as the World Trade Organisation (WTO), aim to facilitate the global free flow of goods, services and capital, by opening markets under the threat of trade sanctions. Nation States signing such agreements, in particular the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), agree to suffer a sovereignty deficit in order to...

This study analyzes the impacts of free trade agreements (FTAs) on bilateral trade, focusing Japan’s FTAs. In particular, we examined both static and dynamic effects at aggregated disaggregated levels, using two datasets between 1995 2016 for Japanese only world trade. For analysis, investigated overall effect individual Regarding considered time since their enactment. Our results indicate that...

In this paper, we first describe the characteristics of the World Trade Organization (WTO) that are the basis of the framework of the multilateral trading system. We then provide an overview of concepts of fairness in trade agreements. Thereafter, we offer a critique of the efficiency criterion in assessing multilateral trade agreements, taking issue with T.N. Srinivasan’s (2006) analysis and t...