OBJECTIVES The morphology and anatomical relationship of periorbital features vary according to age, sex and ethnicity. Standard database regarding periorbital region is available for other ethnic groups. Since there is no data available in the literature, specifically for south Indian ethnic adults, the present study was carried out to determine the normal average values for South Indian ethni...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate a new digital 3-dimensional infrared video system to determine its accuracy, precision, and validity in measuring facial distances. METHODS Bench experiments were performed by measuring the vertical and diagonal distances of chessboard squares of known length to determine the system's accuracy and precision. To test the system's validity, ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the cosmetic outcome of Y-V medial canthoplasty with medial canthal tendon shortening in Blepharophimosis syndrome. STUDY DESIGN Quasi experimental study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Ophthalmology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan, from June 2005 to April 2008. METHODOLOGY Thirteen patients of Blepharophimosis syndrome aged 4 years and abov...

The aesthetic nasal proportions have played a significant role in rhinoplasty practice. On the other hand, psychological variables also play a crucial role in rhinoplasty. It is of paramount importance for facial plastic surgeons to consider both sides to achieve a more satisfactory outcome. The present study aimed to compare aesthetic nasal proportions between primary rhinoplasty candidates an...

PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the relationship between lower eyelid epiblepharon and epicanthus in Korean children. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of the medical records and preoperative photographs of 119 patients. These patients were aged 18 years or younger who underwent lower lid epiblepharon repair from January 2010 to December 2012. We also included 119 age- and sex...

Background and aim: The normal range for anthropometric assessment of intercanthal, interpupillary and outer orbital dimensions is important and changes with age. This study was undertaken for setting a reference range for interpupillary distance, the inner and outer intercanthal distances in the normal Indian population, to observe the variation of these parameters with age, any differences in...