dna barcoding based on a standardized region of 648 base pairs of mitochondrial dnasequences from cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) is proposed for animal species identification.recent studies suggested that dna barcoding has been effective for identifying 94% of birdspecies. the proposed threshold of 10 times the average intraspecific variation could be used forthe identification and delimitation ...

DNA barcoding based on a standardized region of 648 base pairs of mitochondrial DNAsequences from Cytochrome C Oxidase 1 (COX1) is proposed for animal species identification.Recent studies suggested that DNA barcoding has been effective for identifying 94% of birdspecies. The proposed threshold of 10 times the average intraspecific variation could be used forthe identification and delimitation ...

Robust dosage PCR (RD-PCR), a duplex and quantitative PCR, detects large heterozygous deletions and duplications in genomic DNA samples. RD-PCR amplifies an endogenous internal control and a target locus. Two of six RD-PCR assays behaved anomalously due to lower yields specific to the targets. The variability was eliminated by heat treatment of the genomic DNA samples in 2x TE solution at 90 de...

Genetic variation occurs at all levels across the genus Fusarium. In some cases such variation has been used to define species, and in others to describe populations or lineages. When amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) are evaluated, strains in different species usually share at least 60% of the fragments and those in different species 40% of the fragments, or less, with isolates s...

the genus trachylepis fitzinger, 1843 encompasses two-three species in iran: trachylepis vittata (olivier, 1804) distributed in western iran, west of the zagros mountains; t.septemtaeniata (reuss, 1834) in southern regions of the zagros mountains and t. aurata transcaucasica chernov, 1926 from northern to central parts of the zagros mountains. for study of geographic variation in the latter two...

Abstract Quantifying hair cortisol has become popular in wildlife ecology for its practical advantages evaluating stress. Before levels can be reliably interpreted, however, it is key to first understand the intrinsic factors explaining intra- and inter-specific variation. Bats are an ecologically diverse group of mammals that allow studying such Given many bat species threatened or have declin...