For intractable problems on graphs of bounded treewidth, two graph parameters treedepth and vertex cover number have been used to obtain fine-grained complexity results. Although the studies in this direction are successful, we still need a systematic way for further investigations because form rather small subclass treedepth. To fill gap, use integrity, which is placed between mentioned above....

Conventional digital clock distribution interconnection causes a severe power consumption problem for GHz clock distribution because of transmission line losses, and it exhibits difficult signal integrity problems due to clock skew, clock jitter and signal reflection. To overcome these conventional digital clock distribution limitations, optical clock distribution techniques, based on guided-wa...

the development of a surface water evaluation index is a critical factor in the assessment, restoration and protection of stream water quality. quantifying water pollution in specific grade using dominant parameters is important, as this can explain the current state of water pollution with accuracy. as a result, an integrated multi-parameter water quality index has been developed. it is based ...

background: the initial step in the diagnostic investigation of male infertility has been traditionally based on the conventional seminal profile. however, there are significant limitations regarding its ability to determine the underlying mechanisms that cause the disorder. sperm dna fragmentation has emerged as a potential causative factor of reproductive failure and its assessment has been s...

Surface integrity of workpieces after machining processes is one of the most essential requirements of engineers in advanced industries, since it has significant effect on performance and service life of the components. Based on this, thermal and mechanical loads generated by machining are responsible for change in mechanical properties of the machined workpiece and consequently, they should be...

evidence supports the involvement of nitric oxide (no) in a varity of male reproductive processes such as spermatogenesis, spermiogenesis, sperm motion, sperm metabolism and sperm capacitation. however, low concentration of no is essential in biology and physiology of spermatozoa, but high amounts of no is toxic and has negative effects on sperm functions. on the other hand, it is established t...