This paper presents instrumental variable methods for identifying partial differential equation models of distributed parameter systems in presence of output measurement noise. Two instrumental variable-based techniques are proposed to handle this continuous-time model identification problem: a basic one using input-only instruments and a more sophisticated refined instrumental variable method....

Leaders must scan the internal and external environment, chart strategic and task objectives, and provide performance feedback. These instrumental leadership (IL) functions go beyond the motivational and quid-pro quo leader behaviors that comprise the full-range—transformational, transactional, and laissez faire—leadership model. In four studies we examined the construct validity of IL. We foun...

We use MERRA (Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research Applications) temperature and water vapor data to estimate the sampling biases of climatologies derived from the AIRS/AMSU-A (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder/Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A) suite of instruments. We separate the total sampling bias into temporal and instrumental components. The temporal component is caused by the AIRS...

Temperature control and volume measurement are two instrumental factors that, at different stages of the analytical cycle (both in manual and automatic work), have a significant impact on the quality (accuracy and precision) of the analytical result. This paper reports work carried out by two committees which prepared guidelines on the definition and control of these two instrumental factors of...

Recent within-twin estimates of the return to schooling that use instrumental variables to correct for measurement error are considerably higher than existing estimates. This paper extends Griliches’ [Griliches (1979) Sibling models and data in economics: beginnings of a survey, Journal of Political Economy 87, S37–S64]. analysis of sibling or twin estimates of the return to schooling to show t...

Figure 1: Schematic showing measurement steps involved in quantitative chemical analysis of a sample. There are three ways of classifying the process, based on the technique (classical vs instrumental), the measurement data (single-channel vs multi-channel), or on whether additional data is needed to estimate the analyte concentration (relative vs absolute). There are a very large number of tec...