The primary platform used for pyrazinamide (PZA) susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the MGIT culture system (Becton Dickinson). Since false-resistant results have been associated with the use of this system, we conducted a multicenter evaluation to determine the effect of using a reduced cell density inoculum on the rate of false resistance. Two reduced inoculum densities w...

The use of a granular inoculum prevented acidification during the anaerobic batch biodegradation of a kitchen waste for waste/inoculum ratios in the range of 0.5–2.3 g VS/g VS, when the alkalinity/COD ratio was 37 mg NaHCO3/g COD. In similar experiments but using a suspended sludge with a significantly lower activity, the methane production rates and the biodegradability were significantly lowe...

We compared the inoculum effects for 109 recent clinical isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group of cefoxitin, cefotetan, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, and three beta-lactamase inhibitors (clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam) and their penicillin-derived components. Bactericidal activity was assayed and morphologic changes were monitored for selected strains exhibiting a large inoculum ef...

background and objectives: psychrotrophic bacteria can produce enzymes at low temperatures; this provides a wide biotechnological potential, and offers numerous economical advantages over the use of mesophilic bacteria. in this study, extracellular protease production by psychrotrophic rheinheimera sp. (km459533) was optimized by the response surface methodology. materials and methods: the cult...

application of sulfur as a means of lowering soil ph (even if at micro sites) is one way to increase the availability of insoluble nutrients/ effectiveness of elemental sulfur in lowering soil ph depends on the activity of sulfur oxidizing bacteria especially, thiobacillus genus/ to evaluate the possibility of partially substituting sulfur along thiobacillus inoculum for phosphorus and micronut...

Epidemics of soil-borne plant disease are characterized by patchiness because of restricted dispersal of inoculum. The density of inoculum within disease patches depends on a sequence comprising local amplification during the parasitic phase followed by dispersal of inoculum by cultivation during the intercrop period. The mechanisms that control size, shape, and persistence have received very l...

Validation of model predictions for independent variables not included during model development can save time and money by identifying conditions for which new models are not needed. A single strain of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 was used to develop a general regression neural network (GRNN) model for growth of a low inoculum size (0.9 log) on chicken skin with native microflora as a function...

Chlorella sorokiniana is an important industry microalga potential for biofuel production. Inoculum size is one of the important factors in algal large-scale culture, and has great effects on the growth, lipid accumulation and metabolism of microalgae. As the first barrier of cell contents, membrane plays a vital role in algal inoculum-related metabolism. The knowledge of phospholipids, the mai...

This work aimed at investigating the simultaneous production of amylases and proteases by solid-state fermentation (SSF) of babassu cake using Aspergillus awamori IOC-3914. By means of experimental design techniques and the desirability function, optimum inoculum conditions (C/N ratio of propagation medium, inoculum age, and concentration of inoculum added to SSF medium) for the production of b...

The effects of some physical and nutritional parameters were studied for the optimum production of an extracellular enzyme hyaluronidase employing Streptococcus equi SED 9 by submerged fermentation. The effects of initial pH, incubation temperature and time, inoculum level and age of inoculum were studied. The maximum enzymatic activity was obtained with an initial pH 5.5, incubation temperatur...