The underlying rationale for this review is that policy implications cannot be automatically derived from analyses of innovation issues i.e. ‘normative’ does not automatically follow from ‘positive’. A view that policy application can be developed as an afterthought of positive analysis is similar to the logic of a linear innovation model whereby normative is derived in straightforward manner f...

this article discusses the influence of policies on the development of biopharmaceuticals. we choose the experiences of taiwan for our empirical study and focus on the evolution between 2000 and 2008; in the period of time the country provides an interesting example for further exploration of biopharmaceutical policies. among all the policies, the two national programs (national research progra...

Economic interest in innovation policy largely arises from the fundamental importance of innovation to social welfare and from inefficiencies in innovation in a competitive market environment. As a result, a wide variety of public innovation policies are used in practice. This study reviews the economic justifications for public innovation policies and compares the existing policy tools, paying...

This article first reviews the economic rationales for innovation policy. It then describes the Finnish innovation policy and policy making environment. The Finnish policy is evaluated from the point of view of fostering entrepreneurship. R&D subsidies, the main tool of Finnish innovation policy, may not be a very effective way of fostering entrepreneurship, compared to R&D tax credits of the t...

This work intends to explain step-by-step the special role of standards and their complexity in exercising innovation policy in the European Union. Standards might be an important policy tool for intentional diffusion of market sectors beyond textually available official policy documents/guidelines. This diffusion, having been initiated intentionally, continues in a self-regulated way as the in...

Innovation can be a key mechanism to address some of society's greatest challenges, or it contribute them. There is extensive conceptual academic literature focused on how policy used create more positive societal and environmental impacts through innovation, however, little empirical evidence exists understand what extent innovation in particular embeds the principles social sustainability int...

The paper argues that innovation is the combination of an inventive process and an entrepreneurial process to create new economic value for defined stakeholders and focuses on the policy implications of this duality. Attention is concentrated on summarising the entrepreneurial process and its importance to innovation policy and avoids any detailed elaboration of the invention process. A very br...

This paper assesses UK innovation policy impact on a large, population weighted, sample of both service and manufacturing SMEs. By focussing on self-reported innovation the study achieves a wider coverage of the effects of SME innovation policy than possible with more traditional indicators. Propensity score matching indicates that SMEs receiving UK state support for innovation were more likely...