In situ groundwater remediation may be achieved using stationary permeable barriers created by the injection of a substrate, such as innocuous vegetable oil, into the contaminated aquifer. The oil provides the electron donor stimulating microorganisms to degrade or sequester many contaminants. At present, little is known about the best procedures to use when injecting oil into an aquifer. In th...

CHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRATHIN GATE DIELECTRICS AND MULTILAYER CHARGE INJECTION BARRIERS by Edwin M. Dons Since the invention of the first integrated circuit, the semiconductor industry has distinguished itself by a phenomenally rapid pace of improvements in device performance. This trend of ever smaller and faster devices is a result of the ability to exponentially reduce feature sizes of integ...

USA Panel. JAMA. 2002;288:222-235. 3. Celentano DD, Galai N, Sethi AK, et al. Time to initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected injection drug users. AIDS. 2001;15:17071715. 4. Strathdee SA, Palepu A, Cornelisse PG, et al. Barriers to use of free antiretroviral therapy in injection drug users. JAMA. 1998;280:547-549. 5. Tyndall MW, Currie S, Spittal P, et al. Intensive ...

Spin manipulation in a semiconductor offers a new paradigm for device operation beyond Moore's law. Ferromagnetic metals are ideal contacts for spin injection and detection, but the intervening tunnel barrier required to accommodate the large difference in conductivity introduces defects, trapped charge and material interdiffusion, which severely compromise performance. Here, we show that singl...

• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version ...

Injection of spin currents into solids is crucial for exploring spin physics and spintronics. There has been significant progress in recent years in spin injection into high-resistivity materials, for example, semiconductors and organic materials, which uses tunnel barriers to circumvent the impedance mismatch problem; the impedance mismatch between ferromagnetic metals and high-resistivity mat...

BACKGROUND All established disease-modifying drugs for multiple sclerosis require parenteral administration, which can cause difficulties for some patients, sometimes leading to suboptimal adherence. A new electronic autoinjection device has been designed to address these issues. METHODS Patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis currently receiving subcutaneous or intramuscular interferon be...

A closed-form and physics-based compact model is presented for calculating the DC characteristics of Schottky barrier field-effect transistors dual gated reconfigurable transistors. The given calculates charge-carrier injection over barriers. This current separated into a field emission current, by charge carriers tunneling through barriers thermionic overcoming verification done comparing resu...

In this paper we construct an information-theoretic model of architectural drawings. This model is then used to quantify and measure the complexities and similarities of drawings. The approach is applied within a linear qualitative shape representation but can be generalized to other types of representation. The descriptive and analytic power of the proposed methods are demonstrated by studying...