The rubber-producing tree, Ficus elastica (the Indian rubber tree), requires the same substrates for rubber production as other rubber-producing plants, such as Hevea brasiliensis (the Brazilian or Para rubber tree), the major source of commercial natural rubber in the world, and Parthenium argentatum (guayule), a widely studied alternative for natural rubber production currently under commerci...

Suspension polymerization process is commonly used to produce expandable polystyrene. In the conventional method for producing this polymer, two different initiators are added to the process at two different temperature levels. In the industrial scale, this process is time consuming and difficult to control. A new method (Multi-Stage Initiator Dosing, MID) is proposed, in which, the initiator i...

The formation of a specific ternary complex between eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), the initiator methionyl-tRNA (Met-tRNA), and GTP is a critical step in translation initiation in the cytoplasmic protein-synthesizing system of eukaryotes. We show that the A1 x U72 base pair conserved at the end of the acceptor stem in eukaryotic and archaebacterial initiator methionine tRNAs plays an im...

The formation of a specific ternary complex between eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), the initiator methionyl-tRNA (Met-tRNA), and GTP is a critical step in translation initiation in the cytoplasmic proteinsynthesizing system of eukaryotes. We show that the A1 z U72 base pair conserved at the end of the acceptor stem in eukaryotic and archaebacterial initiator methionine tRNAs plays an imp...

Unlike the chromosome of Escherichia coli that needs only one replication initiator protein (origin recognition protein) called DnaA, many plasmid replicons require dual initiators: host-encoded DnaA and a plasmid-encoded origin recognition protein, which is believed to be the major determinant of replication control. Hitherto, the relative mechanistic roles of dual initiators in DNA replicatio...

Multiple binding sites for an initiator protein are a common feature of replicator sequences from various organisms. By binding to the replicator, initiators mark the site and contribute to melting or distortion of the DNA by largely unknown mechanisms. Here we analyze origin of DNA replication (ori) binding by the E1 initiator and show sequential binding to a set of overlapping binding sites. ...

kinetics of radical polymerizations of waterborne alkyd/acrylic hybrid resin via batch mini-emulsion technique was studied using redox initiators (tbhp/fe2+/edta/asac  and  tbhp/fe2+/edta/sfs) at relatively low temperatures and thermal initiators (bpo, kps and aibn) at higher temperatures to seek the most suitable initiator system. at the end of all reactions the unreacted monomer content was r...

1. Unsubstituted 6-membered aromatic ring systems (fused, unfused, or mixed) chrysene mutagenic initiator carcinogenic pyrene co-carcinogen mutagenic benzo[a]pyrene mutagenic carcinogenic fetotoxic teratogenic benzo[e]pyrene carcinogenic mutagenic benzo[a]anthracene mutagenic carcinogenic benzo[c]phenanthrene initiator mutagenic naphthalene inhibitor phenanthrene initiator mutagenic anthracene ...

Initiator tRNAs are used exclusively for initiation of protein synthesis and not for the elongation step. We show, in vivo and in vitro, that the primary sequence feature that prevents the human initiator tRNA from acting in the elongation step is the nature of base pairs 50:64 and 51:63 in the TpsiC stem of the initiator tRNA. Various considerations suggest that this is due to sequence-depende...

Homogeneous DNA polymerase (“reverse transcriptase”) from avian myeloblastosis virus was assayed for exodeoxyribonuclease activity. The substrates were defined template. initiator complexes in which different radioactive nucleotides were present at the 3’-OH termini of the initiator. Even when the number of molecules of enzyme was equal to the number of initiator termini, there was no significa...