The fluoride dose ingested by young children may be overestimated if based on levels of total fluoride (TF) rather than levels of bioavailable fluoride (total soluble fluoride-TSF) in toothpaste. The aim of the present study was to compare doses of fluoride intake based on TF and TSF. Fluoride intake in 158 Brazilian children aged three and four years was determined after tooth brushing with th...

Conversion factors, which relate the kerma-area product to effective dose, have been estimated for paediatric cardiac x-ray angiography. Monte Carlo techniques have been used to calculate the conversion factors for a wide range of projection angles for children of five ages and for adults. Correction factors are provided so that the conversion factors can be adjusted for different tube potentia...

We aimed to determine the clinical manifestations of tramadol intoxication in children and to find its potential poor prognostic factors. In a retrospective study, from 1363 cases of admitted pediatric poisoning, all tramadol-exposed hospitalized patients younger than 12 years were included in the study. They were hospitalized between March 2010 and April 2012 to the only referral hospital for ...

In radiobiology circulating T-lymphocytes are used as “natural biodosimeters” since the frequency of chromosomal aberrations that occur in them after radiation exposure is proportional to accumulated dose. addition, stable (translocations) detected years and decades exposure. Estimation doses lymphocytes requires consideration two dose components: by lymphocyte precursors (progenitors) red bone...

In a pilot study with 6 females and 1 male, the metabolism of various cyanidin glucosides after oral administration of elderberry juice was investigated. The anthocyanin metabolites were detected in urinary excretion. After ingestion of a bolus quantity of $3.57$ g total anthocyanins in a $150$ mL elderberry juice concentrate, $0.053$ % of the administered dose was excreted in urine as glucosid...

The dose conversion factors for short-lived thoron decay products were calculated using a dosimetric approach. The calculations were based on a computer program LUDEP, which implements the ICRP 66 respiratory tract model. The dose per equilibrium equivalent concentration for thoron (EETC) was calculated with respect to (1) equivalent dose to each region of the lung tissues (bronchial, bronchiol...

introduction international commission on radiological protection (icrp) has provided a comprehensive discussion on threshold dose for radiation-induced cataract in icrp publication 116. accordingly, various parts of the eye lens have different radio-sensitivities. recently, some studies have been performed to develop a realistic eye model with the aim of providing accurate estimation of fluence...

Effective dose (E), representing the risk of late radiation-induced effects, can be estimated by the use of conversion factors (CF), converting direct measurable quantities such as dose-area-product into E. Eight Belgian hospitals participated in the study with a total number of 318 procedures. E-values, calculated with PCXMC, were compared for the different hospitals for diagnostic and therape...