Association of tobacco and lead exposures with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics 2009;124: e1054–63. 22 Biederman J, Monuteaux MC, Faraone SV, Mick E. Parsing the associations between prenatal exposure to nicotine and offspring psychopathology in a nonreferred sample. J Adolesc Health 2009;45:142–48. 23 Thapar A, Rice F, Hay D, Boivin J et al. Response to: testing the associa...

IEEE 802.16 is a promising standard that is expected to solve the “last mile” Internet access issue in a metropolitan area. In IEEE 802.16, several TDMA-based scheduling schemes are designed to provide “collisionfree” transmission of control messages. In this paper, we investigate the performance of coordinated distributed scheduling in IEEE 802.16 Mesh Mode, under realistic non-quasi-interfere...

In 1976, Atkins 1) wrote a short review entitled “Magnetic field effects” and described at its beginning “The study of the effect of magnetic fields on chemical reactions has long been a romping ground for charlatans”. Until then, so many papers had reported magnetic field effects (MFEs) on chemical and biological reactions. Almost all of such results, however, lacked reproducibility and/or the...

The fact that lifestyle is closely associated with the pathogenesis of chronic diseases has been known for more than three decades. Smoking may cause lung cancer, and a lifestyle of fast food consumption and little exercise can cause metabolic diseases. The importance of lifestyle changes in terms of a new medical paradigm to solve chronic diseases is becoming popular in modern times. Lifestyle...

Renal transplants are injured by a variety of diseases and pathways. One important cause for acute and chronic graft failure is rejection. Since the advent of kidney transplantation, it has become apparent that rejection is a cellular and/or antibody mediated inflammatory process with different histologic phenotypes, and clinical degrees of severity. In recent years, the immunohistochemical det...

Historically, liver biopsy has been used to determine the etiology of liver disease, the degree of inflammation, the stage of liver fibrosis, and the response to treatments. In the last decade, the advent of noninvasive tests has improved the diagnosis and management of autoimmune liver diseases. For example, serum markers can identify hepatic inflammation, whereas ultrasound and MRI can diagno...