This paper is an attempt toward a normative theory of culture and campaign communication, which (1) explicates the functional interdependence between culture and campaign communication; (2) analyzes the relationship between culture and campaign communication within the framework of collectivist and individualist cultures (Triandis, 1988, 1995); and (3) discusses the implications of a normative ...

In this address, I revisit the micro–macro problem in criminology, arguing for an “analytical criminology” that takes an integrated approach to the micro– macro problem. I begin by contrasting an integrated methodological-individualist approach with traditional holist and individualist approaches. An integrated approach considers the concept of emergence and tackles the difficult problem of spe...

this paper reports on a behavioral study that explores the role of culture and gender in the recognition of emotional speech in an under investigated cultural context (a collectivist society: i.e., iran). participants were asked to recognize the emotional prosody of a set of validated emotional vocal portrayals (including the five basic emotions). findings of the experiment were then compared w...

This study examines factors thought to influence consumers' planned and impulse purchase decisions including subjective culture (individualist or collectivist consumers) and the presence of another person at the time of purchase. Data was collected in four countries — the USA, Australia, Singapore, and Malaysia. The results indicate that overall, consumers are differentially influenced by other...

Individualistic cultures that prevail in predominantly developed economies thrive on ecommerce environments where consumer trust is facilitated through trust mechanisms such as institutional guarantees, laws and policies, information security mechanisms, and social controls. These trust mechanisms are based on individualist cultural norms of behaviour and values, and are not always relevant to ...

BACKGROUND School-based smoking prevention programs sometimes fail in unexpected ways. This study tests the hypotheses that both social/cultural contexts and individual dispositional characteristics may interact with program content to produce effects that are variable in potentially predictable ways. METHODS Students in 24 culturally heterogeneous or primarily Hispanic/Latino middle schools ...

OBJECTIVE In this postmodern society, people tend to abandon conventional medicine for alternative medical systems, such as acupuncture. What are the reasons for this defiance regarding modern rationality and individualist success? Who turns to acupuncture? METHODS This study (n=89) examined whether world views opposed to the predominance of rationality (i.e., mistrust of science, spiritualit...

Social outcomes are analyzed either by placing responsibility for those outcomes on the individual or to locate the cause in a specific social factor – discrimination. Here, I argue that individual decision-making cannot be the cause of poverty, illustrative of one outcome, and that commentary specifying a particular social factor is insufficient to address the fundamental, underlying cause of ...