which consists of an increasing sequence of m decreasing sequences, each of length n/m. The longest increasing subsequence has length m but but the only way for the sample to imply that the input is not sorted is if two chosen elements land in the same decreasing sequence. The probability that this happens is at most ( s 2 ) /m ≤ s/(2m) which is o(1) if s is o( √ m). In particular, for ε = 1/2 ...

In recent years there has been an increasing number of papers showing how parasitism and pollution can interact with each other in aquatic organisms. Among the variety of investigated aspects especially the combined effects of pollution and simultaneous infection on the health of aquatic hosts (molluscs, crustaceans, fish, mammals) is of considerable interest. Effects of pollution on the occurr...

Given a distribution G over labeled bipartite (multi) graphs, G = (W; M; E) where jWj = jMj = n, let L(n) denote the size of the largest planar matching of G (here W and M are posets drawn on the plane as two ordered rows of nodes, an upper and a lower one, and a (w; m) edge is drawn as a straight line between w and m). The main focus of this work is to understand the asymptotic (in n) behavior...

The length is(w) of the longest increasing subsequence of a permutation w in the symmetric group Sn has been the object of much investigation. We develop comparable results for the length as(w) of the longest alternating subsequence of w, where a sequence a, b, c, d, . . . is alternating if a > b < c > d < · · · . For instance, the expected value (mean) of as(w) for w ∈ Sn is exactly (4n + 1)/6...

We investigate the probability distribution of the length of the second row of a Young diagram of size N equipped with Plancherel measure. We obtain an expression for the generating function of the distribution in terms of a derivative of an associated Fredholm determinant, which can then be used to show that as N → ∞ the distribution converges to the Tracy-Widom distribution [TW] for the secon...

The authors consider the length, lN , of the length of the longest increasing subsequence of a random permutation of N numbers. The main result in this paper is a proof that the distribution function for lN , suitably centered and scaled, converges to the Tracy-Widom distribution [TW1] of the largest eigenvalue of a random GUE matrix. The authors also prove convergence of moments. The proof is ...

We show that a wide variety of generalized increasing subsequence problems admit a one parameter family of extensions for which we can exactly compute the mean length of the longest increasing subsequence. By the nature of the extension, this gives upper bounds on the mean in the unextended model, which turn out to be asymptotically tight for all of the models that have so far been analyzed. A ...

This paper is concerned with certain connections between the ensemble of n × n unitary matrices—specifically the characteristic function of the random variable tr(U)—and combinatorics—specifically Ulam’s problem concerning the distribution of the length of the longest increasing subsequence in permutation groups—and the appearance of Painlevé functions in the answers to apparently unrelated que...

The interplay between two-dimensional percolation growth models and one-dimensional particle processes has been a fruitful source of interesting mathematical phenomena. In this paper we develop a connection between the construction of Busemann functions in the Hammersley last-passage percolation model with i.i.d. random weights, and the existence, ergodicity and uniqueness of equilibrium (or ti...